Phase Current Sensing Method Using Three Shunt Resistors to Eliminate Immeasurable Area in Voltage Vector Plane
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Phase Current Sensing Method Using Three Shunt Resistors to Eliminate Immeasurable Area in Voltage Vector Plane Dong‑Ki Kim2 · Do‑Hyun Jang3 · Duck‑Yong Yoon1 Received: 3 January 2020 / Revised: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract This paper proposes a current sensing method to eliminate the immeasurable areas in three-phase inverters using the shunt resistors. Conventional shunt resistor-based current sensing methods have immeasurable areas in the voltage vector plane. Since motor control performance is degraded by the immeasurable area, various current reconstruction techniques have been proposed to expand the measurement range. Nevertheless, the software algorithm is quite complex, and the reconstruction ability is still unsatisfactory. In the proposed method, shunt resistors are located in series with the inverter output lines to obtain the motor phase currents. Both ends of the shunt resistors are at the high-potential as the dc-link voltage. High-potential voltages are lowered to the common-mode voltage level of the analog amplifier using voltage divider, and voltage drops across shunt resistors are detected by instrumentation amplifiers. Immeasurable areas are completely eliminated because phase currents can be detected directly through line shunt resistors. Simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed current sensing method. Keywords Shunt resistors · Shunt current sensing · Current reconstruction · Immeasurable area · Instrumentation amplifiers
1 Introduction Phase current information is essential in ac motor drive systems for instantaneous torque control. The performance of current sensing techniques such as Hall-effect sensors, current transformers, Rogowski coils, and shunt resistors was reviewed in Ref. [1]. Hall current sensors have been preferred for current measurement due to their high-accuracy and fully electrical isolation [1–3]. In three-phase motor drives, two or three Hall current sensors are mostly used as standard. However, the high-cost of these sensors is always * Duck‑Yong Yoon [email protected] Dong‑Ki Kim dong‑[email protected] Do‑Hyun Jang [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan, Korea
2
Motion Division, Drives and Motors, ABB Ltd., Cheonan, Korea
3
Department of Electrical Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, Korea
burden in the low-power applications. Many researchers have tried to replace expensive Hall current sensors in other ways. Shunt resistors are most interested in terms of cost effectiveness, performance, and reliability. Table 1 shows the main features of the current sensing methods using the Hall current sensor and the shunt resistor [1–3]. In low power applications, the current sensing methods using shunt resistors can be a good solution for cost reduction. For this reason, the shunt resistor-based current sensing methods have long been developed to
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