Phase of the Quantum Bit wave function as a Resource for Information Storage and Transfer
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NEW MEANS OF CYBERNETICS, INFORMATICS, COMPUTER ENGINEERING, AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS PHASE OF THE QUANTUM BIT WAVE FUNCTION AS A RESOURCE FOR INFORMATION STORAGE AND TRANSFER I. D. Voitovycha and O. A. Pastukhb
UDC 004
Abstract. We considered the phase of the quantum bit wave function as a resource for storage and transmission of classical information. We qualitatively evaluated the effectiveness of this resource. We considered use of this resource for the transmission of classical information through a quantum channel of communication with the help of technology of quantum teleportation. Keywords: wave function phase, quantum bit, quantum information, quantum teleportation, quantum communication channel, quantum logical element. INTRODUCTION In the last twenty years, there is intense development of quantum computing: quantum calculations, quantum information theory, and quantum cryptography. The motive behind this development is the technical possibilities offered by quantum computers, quantum memory, and quantum communication channels. A basis for the development form advancements in physics, computer science, mathematics, and nanotechnology. Important tasks of quantum computing are storage and transmission of classical information via quantum bits. At the same time, note that in the quantum physics new fundamental results in formal-mathematical representation of states of quantum systems [1–8, etc.], their dynamics [2, 3] are obtained and, in particular, new experimental techniques for quantum measurements [1] are developed. The importance of these results for quantum computing is noted in several publications, for example in [7] for quantum calculations, in [8] for the quantum information theory. The basis for such results is formed by tomography methods (there is a tomographical formulation of quantum physics). Based on the basic ideas of the tomographic formulation of quantum physics and results obtained in [1–8, etc.], the authors of the present paper demonstrate a possibility of considering a phase of wave function of quantum bit as a resource for storage and transmission of classical information, in particular, for transmission of the classical information on a quantum communication channel without noise using quantum teleportation technology. Many attempts were undertaken to simplify the intuitive understanding of complex wave function, describing the state of quantum systems (in particular, quantum bits). For such simplification, the direction is chosen, which is to maximize the adaptation of the description of a quantum system state using functions of distributed probabilities. However, this was accomplished using the functions of quasiprobability distribution, Wigner functions [9], and similar functions. Nevertheless, the problem has been solved only partially. Significant progress in this direction is carried out lately using tomography methods. Using these methods it is demonstrated that simpectic tomograms (in particular, optical tomograms [1], spin tomograms [4]) represent sets of functions of proba
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