Phase Stiffness Estimation of Two-phase Pebax/PBE Membranes Using Reconstructed 3D Microstructures
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Phase Stiffness Estimation of Two‑phase Pebax/PBE Membranes Using Reconstructed 3D Microstructures Se‑Yun Kim1 · Ji‑Su Kim1 · Jae Hun Lee2 · Jong Hak Kim2 · Tong‑Seok Han1 Received: 27 March 2020 / Revised: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 © Korean Multi-Scale Mechanics (KMSM) 2020
Abstract In this study, three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of two-phase Pebax/PBE membranes are reconstructed from twodimensional transmission electron microscopy images, and a framework for estimating the phase stiffness using a combination of real and virtual experiments is presented. Three 3D microstructures of two-phase membranes with different volume fractions are reconstructed through a stochastic optimization process using cooccurrence correlation functions. The phase stiffness values are estimated through virtual experiments in correlation with real experimental results. It is confirmed that the presented framework can be used as a tool for identifying phase stiffness where experimental data are not yet available. With further calibration from experimental data, the presented framework could be used as a synergistic tool for accelerating new-material development and evaluating the performance of existing materials. Keywords Two-phase · Membrane · Microstructure · Reconstruction · Property
Introduction Multi-phase materials can enhance material responses by combining characteristics from each phase. The microstructures of multi-phase materials can affect the material responses significantly, and hence, proper characterization of the microstructural features is crucial when the microstructures are correlated with the properties[2, 16, 17, 19]. In this study, two-phase Pebax/PBE polymeric membranes for CO2 capture are investigated to reconstruct three-dimensional * Tong‑Seok Han [email protected] Se‑Yun Kim [email protected] Ji‑Su Kim [email protected] Jae Hun Lee [email protected] Jong Hak Kim [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei‑ro, Seodaemun‑gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
2
(3D) microstructures from two-dimensional (2D) images, and the mechanical properties, i.e., phase stiffnesses, are estimated using a combination of real and virtual experiments. The two-phase polymeric membranes for CO2 capture are fabricated using the commercially available matrix Pebax® with a filler termed PBE. Pebax is a block copolymer poly(amide-b-ether), and PBE is a graft copolymer synthesized via a one-step free radical polymerization process[20]. The synthesized PBE graft copolymer is introduced into the matrix Pebax to enhance the CO2 permeability without degrading mechanical properties significantly owing to the good interfacial characteristics between the two materials. The Pebax/PBE membranes exhibit two-phase microstructures, and a framework for estimating the phase stiffnesses of the individual synthesized phases is presented
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