Phenomenology of magnetic black holes with electroweak-symmetric coronas
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Springer
Received: July 14, 2020 Accepted: September 30, 2020 Published: October 30, 2020
Yang Bai,a Joshua Berger,b Mrunal Korwara and Nicholas Orlofskya a
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A. b Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Magnetically charged black holes (MBHs) are interesting solutions of the Standard Model and general relativity. They may possess a “hairy” electroweak-symmetric corona outside the event horizon, which speeds up their Hawking radiation and leads them to become nearly extremal on short timescales. Their masses could range from the Planck scale up to the Earth mass. We study various methods to search for primordially produced MBHs and estimate the upper limits on their abundance. We revisit the Parker bound on magnetic monopoles and show that it can be extended by several orders of magnitude using the large-scale coherent magnetic fields in Andromeda. This sets a mass-independent constraint that MBHs have an abundance less than 4 × 10−4 times that of dark matter. MBHs can also be captured in astrophysical systems like the Sun, the Earth, or neutron stars. There, they can become non-extremal either from merging with an oppositely charged MBH or absorbing nucleons. The resulting Hawking radiation can be detected as neutrinos, photons, or heat. High-energy neutrino searches in particular can set a stronger bound than the Parker bound for some MBH masses, down to an abundance 10−7 of dark matter. Keywords: Beyond Standard Model, Black Holes, Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM ArXiv ePrint: 2007.03703
c The Authors. Open Access, Article funded by SCOAP3 .
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP10(2020)210
JHEP10(2020)210
Phenomenology of magnetic black holes with electroweak-symmetric coronas
Contents 1
2 Electroweak-symmetric corona black holes 2.1 Extremal magnetic black holes 2.2 Non-extremal magnetic black holes
3 3 5
3 Parker limits from Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies
7
4 Cosmic rays: solar neutrinos 4.1 PMBH capture by the Sun 4.2 Solar neutrinos from PMBH annihilation 4.3 Baryon number violation process
9 10 13 15
5 Earth heat and neutrinos
15
6 Neutron stars and white dwarfs 6.1 PMBH capture 6.2 PMBH distribution 6.3 Constraints
18 18 19 22
7 Discussion and conclusions
24
A Dirac equations and 2d modes
26
B Stopping of a finite-sized PMBH by a plasma B.1 Stopping in other materials
30 32
1
Introduction
With the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 [1, 2], the complete particle content of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is confirmed. Although remaining puzzles such as neutrino mass, dark matter, and the baryon asymmetry may require physics beyond the SM, it is also important to know all possible states of matter in the SM. For ordinary life, the electromagnetic interaction provides a rich ensemble of both stable and metastable atomic states. Quantum
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