Photocatalysis Approach for Energy and Environmental Challenges at Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, I
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1171-S01-04
Photocatalysis Approach for Energy and Environmental Challenges at Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India V. Durga Kumari *, M. Subrahmanyam, M.V. Phanikrishna sharma, J. Krishna Reddy, K. Lalitha Catalysis and Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
ABSTRACT The R & D developments in several aspects of catalysis area require cleaner and clean up technologies. Catalysts are used for energy conversion and to convert environmentally hazardous materials into harmless compounds. This presentation reviews the work currently under exploration at IICT that illustrates the perspective of photocatalyst technologies for solving energy and environmental issues for providing sustainable development. Studies on development of photocatalytic materials for degradation of phenolic wastes, common industrial effluent, Hacid, Calmagite (an azodye), Isopruturon (herbicide) and for E-coli disinfection are highlighted. Materials like Natrotantite, Ce-modified zeolites, Ag2O/TiO2, CuO/TiO2 and C,N-doped TiO2 are designed and evaluated for photocatalytic splitting of water for generation of hydrogen energy. Furthermore, potential applications of photo catalysts in the chemical synthesis of N-containing heterocyclic compounds like pyrazines and piperazines which are useful intermediates in the synthesis of various drugs, perfumes, herbicides and dyes are new interesting aspects in the presentation. Thus the present review describes the emerging trends in using photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications.
INTRODUCTION Though TiO2 in anatase form is the best photocatalyst reported so far, poor adsorption properties lead to great limitation in exploiting the photocatalyst to the best of it’s photoefficiency. The other problem with the semiconductor photocatalyst is the faster electronhole recombination that results in decreased photo-efficiency. Several attempts have been made to improve the photo efficiency of titania by adding adsorbents like silica, alumina, zeolites, clays and active carbon. This addition is expected to induce synergism as the pollutants are adsorbed prior to photodegradation making the process more facile. Supported TiO2 is commonly reported to be less photoactive due to the interaction of TiO2 with the support during the thermal treatments. A method of supporting TiO2 on zeolites without losing the photoefficiency of TiO2 and the adsorption properties of the support is the important aspect while preparing zeolite based photocatalysts. Synergistic effects were also evidenced when mixtures of TiO2 and adsorbents like active carbon were employed for photoxidation. TiO2 based zeolites are extensively prepared, characterized and evaluated in this laboratory for the degradation of phenolic waste and also for the synthesis of N-heterocyclics using both UV and solar irradiation. TiO2 and TiO2 supported zeolites are also drawn into thin films using acrylic emulsions as binder and applied for large scale applications for treating co
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