Photoluminescence properties of porous InP filled with ferroelectric polymers
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R A P I D C O M M U N I C AT I O N
Photoluminescence properties of porous InP filled with ferroelectric polymers C.H. Jia · Y.H. Chen · Y.C. Jiang · F.Q. Liu · S.C. Qu · W.F. Zhang · Z.G. Wang
Received: 31 January 2013 / Accepted: 17 April 2013 / Published online: 30 April 2013 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Photoluminescence properties of porous InP are found to be strongly affected by infilling ferroelectric polymers. Based on the temperature- and excitation-powerdependent photoluminescence, the intensity suppression and blue shift of the near-band-edge emission are supposed to result from the passivation of surface states by introducing ferroelectric polymers. On the other hand, the significant enhancement of deep-level emission is caused by the increased concentration of phosphorus vacancies due to ion exchange when infilling the ferroelectric polymers into porous InP. The surface passivation of porous InP by ferroelectric polymers is useful for improving the performances of InP-based electronic and optoelectronic devices.
1 Introduction Recently, the formation of porous InP has been extensively studied by a simple electrochemical process for future photonic crystals, quantum electronics, optoelectronic devices, and chemical sensors [1, 2]. An attractive possibility in the photonic crystal structures is to replace the low-index part (air) with a material that has a tunable refractive index. Liquid crystals are particularly useful for such purpose C.H. Jia · W.F. Zhang Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials of Henan Province and School of Physics & Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China C.H. Jia · Y.H. Chen () · Y.C. Jiang · F.Q. Liu · S.C. Qu · Z.G. Wang Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Material Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Science, P.O. Box 912, Beijing 100083, P.R. China e-mail: [email protected] Fax: +86-10-82305052
because of the large polarization-dependent refractive index [3], but the inherent slow tuning speed and liquid state could limit the compatibility with other processing steps [4]. Hence, other materials, notably ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene copolymers, P(VDF–TrFE), whose refractive index can be tuned in a large scale by an external electric field and lattice strain, are highly desirable [5, 6]. A tunable photonic crystal may be realized by infiltrating these copolymers into porous InP to form a composite. In addition, the composites also provide an interesting system to study how the ferroelectric behaviors of the polymers are influenced by the external stress, interface conditions, and finite size effect, since the ferroelectric properties are sensitive to these effects. Meanwhile, the ferroelectric polymers are quite attractive as potential dielectric, passivation, or diffusion barrier layers for InP gates because of their low cost, large-area application, and easy solution processability [7]. The ferroelectric polymers are also expected to tune the photoluminescence properties of porous I
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