Physically inspired technique for modeling wet absorbent materials
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Physically inspired technique for modeling wet absorbent materials Juan Miguel Bajo1,2
· Claudio Delrieux1,4
· Gustavo Patow3
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The visual appearance of materials depends on their intrinsic light transfer properties, the illumination and camera conditions, and other environmental factors. This is in particular the case of porous, rough, or absorbent materials, where the presence of liquid on the surface alters significantly their BRDF, which in turn results in considerable changes in their visual appearance. For this reason, rendering materials change their appearance when wet continues to be a relevant topic in computer graphics. This is especially true when real-time photo-realistic rendering is required in scenes involving this kind of materials in interaction with water or other liquids. In this paper, we introduce a physically inspired technique to model and render appearance changes of absorbent materials when their surface is wet. First, we develop a new method to solve the interaction between the liquid and the object surface using its own underlying texture coordinates. Then, we propose an algorithm to model the diffusion phenomenon that occurs in the interface between a solid porous object and a liquid. Finally, we extend a model that explains the change of appearance of materials under wet conditions, and we implement it achieving real-time performance. The complete model is developed using GPU acceleration. Keywords Rendering · Natural phenomena · Physically inspired modeling
1 Introduction Humans can easily tell apart wet from dry surfaces based only on subtle changes of their visual appearance. The color of most materials (especially absorbent, porous, or rough materials) looks darker and with more vivid hues when wet. This can be explained by the complex light interactions occurring at the object surface when a transparent or translucent liquid layer is present. In simplified terms, the presence of this layer makes it more glossy, making the visual appearance more vivid, and at the same time increases the amount
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-020-01963-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Juan Miguel Bajo [email protected]
1
Department of Electric and Computer Engineering, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
2
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
3
ViRVIG-UdG, Girona, Spain
4
LCI-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
of light paths that end up being absorbed by the material, darkening and saturating the perceived color. See Fig. 1. These perceptual characteristics are naturalized through our daily experience, but are difficult to model in photorealistic rendering. As will be discussed in Sect. 2, the optical effects arising in wet surfaces and adequate models for diffusion, absorption, and evaporation in porous mat
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