Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands
This exciting scholarly work examines Dutch maritime violence in the seventeenth-century. With its flourishing maritime trade and lucrative colonial possessions, the young Dutch Republic enjoyed a cultural and economic pre-eminence, becoming the leading c
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Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands
Virginia West Lunsford
PIRACY AND PRIVATEERING IN THE GOLDEN AGE NETHERLANDS
© Virginia West Lunsford, 2005. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2005 978-1-4039-6692-6 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2005 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-52980-3
ISBN 978-1-4039-7938-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781403979384 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lunsford, Virginia West. Piracy and privateering in the golden age Netherlands / Virginia West Lunsford. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Privateering—Netherlands—History—17th century. 2. Pirates— Netherlands—History—17th century. 3. Netherlands—History, Naval. I. Title. DJ158.L86 2004 910.4⬘5—dc22 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: May 2005 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
2004061772
To Beatrice, Jackson, and Greta
Contents
Acknowledgments
ix
List of Abbreviations
xi
Glossary
xiii
List of Figures
xv
Chronology
xvii
Introduction
1 Part I
The Dutch Sea Robber Defined
1. Kapers and Commissievaarders: The Dutch Privateer 2. A “Malicious Business”: Piracy in the Dutch Republic Part II Cultural Underpinnings 3. Collective Identity, Nationalism, and the Golden Age Netherlands 4. Piracy, the Dutch, and the Seventeenth-Century Seas Part III
Conclusions
7 9 35 65 67 101 139
5. Prizes and “Excesses”: The Golden Age Pirate
141
6. The Dutch Freebooter in the Golden Age
177
Appendices
211
Appendix I
Sample Privateer Instructions
213
Appendix II
Income of Amsterdam Privateers and Their Rederijen
217
Appendix III
Some Dutch Privateer Captures
219
viii
Contents
Appendix IV Privateering Activity Sponsored by the Admiralty of the Maas
227
Appendix V
229
“Slave Roll” of Dutch Sailors
Appendix VI Origins of the Barbary Corsairs
233
Notes
235
Bibliography
311
Index
349
Acknowledgments
T
here is not space enough to convey my deep sense of appreciation for the help and encouragement I have received on this project. While all errors and faulty reasoning are my own, any positive qualities this book contains stem directly from the generous assistance I have received from others. I offer my heartfelt thanks to the following individuals and institutions who have made its completion possible. My research i
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