Plants of the same place do not have the same metabolic pace: soil properties affect differently essential oil yields of
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Plants of the same place do not have the same metabolic pace: soil properties affect differently essential oil yields of plants growing wild in semiarid Mediterranean lands Souad Mehalaine 1
&
Haroun Chenchouni 1,2
Received: 5 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract The chemical composition and structure of the soil strongly affect the growth and development of plants. Ecophysiologically, the effects of soil are translated in changes in plant primary and secondary metabolism. Among the secondary metabolites of plants affected by soil properties are essential oils. In this work, we resume our study on the effect of soil properties on the accumulation of essential oils in two spontaneous plants growing in Algerian semiarid region: Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. after studying the effect of climate on these plants in the same period (2010– 2014) and at the same collection site in our previous study. The results showed significant differences (P < 0.001) between the oil contents during the period of the study in both plants. The yield of oils was significantly affected by the soil parameters. The pH, total calcium carbonate (CCE), active calcium carbonate (ACCE), and N:P ratio exhibited significant positive correlation (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05) with Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil amount contrary to total nitrogen and salinity that had negative effects. Regarding Thymus algeriensis, the pH, salinity, and N:P ratio had a significant positive effect (P < 0.001) on the content of essential oil. However, CCE, ACCE, and carbon exerted negative effects on oil amount. Keywords Rosmarinus officinalis . Thymus algeriensis . Essential oils . Edaphic effects . Dry lands . Plant-soil interaction . Secondary metabolism . C:N:P ratios
Introduction Plants’ growth, breeding, dispersal, and distribution are closely linked to environmental conditions of their habitat, where many factors external to the plants influence their
Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel * Souad Mehalaine [email protected]; [email protected] Haroun Chenchouni [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Nature and Life Sciences, Larbi Tebessi University, 12002 Tebessa, Algeria
2
Laboratory of Natural Resources and Management of Sensitive Environments ‘RNAMS’, University of Larbi Ben M’hidi, 04000 Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria
development (Aboukhalid et al. 2017; Chenchouni 2017). The environmental conditions to which the plant is exposed control the expression of plant genes and thus modify the development of phytomass and determine the switching between primary and secondary metabolic pathways and also secondary transformations (Ncube et al. 2012; Bhatla 2018; Németh-Zámboriné et al. 2019). Among these factors, the climatic and edaphic variables (such as temperature, humidity, photoperiod duration, wind speed, and various physicochemical properties of the soil) prevai
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