Plasma Dynamics Modeling of the Interaction of Pulsed Plasma Jets
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EMATICAL MODELING IN NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES
Plasma Dynamics Modeling of the Interaction of Pulsed Plasma Jets V. V. Kuzenova,b,* and S. V. Ryzhkova,** a
Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, 105005 Russia Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow, 127055 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] **e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received June 19, 2018; revised June 19, 2018; accepted July 19, 2018
Abstract—The basic properties of the plasma of capillary discharges are discussed. A mathematical simulation of the interaction of pulsed plasma jets generated by a capillary discharge at atmospheric pressure is presented. Keywords: capillary discharge, mathematical model, plasma jets, radiation transport, plasma dynamics DOI: 10.1134/S106377881811011X
INTRODUCTION A pulsed capillary discharge is one of the relatively simple methods of producing plasma. In this paper, a capillary discharge with an evaporating wall is considered (CDEW) [1–6]. Despite the importance of pulsed plasma jets for various applications (nuclear fusion, engines, neutron generator, and ion source), the effect of the interaction of several jet streams remains poorly understood [7, 8]. In this case, highspeed plasma jets for magnetic and inertial thermonuclear fusion [9–14] should be created in a vacuum medium. The picture of the flow structure can be described as follows. After the breakdown stage, a plasma formation is formed near the capillary wall, which serves as a source of thermal broadband radiation, which, acting on the wall, causes the heating of the surface layer of the capillary wall and further evaporation. It is known that evaporation begins at the butt-end of the capillary, and then the evaporation wave propagates to the center of the tube. The current flow in the vapors of the material of the capillary wall is accompanied by their heating to the plasma state (with the corresponding pressure and temperature increase) and outflow (as a rule, with sound speeds) through the outlet of the capillary into the surrounding gas space. In this case, in the torch of a pulsed capillary discharge, a flow structure arises close to the structure, which is characteristic of the initial part of the flow in a stationary supersonic plasma jet flowing into the submerged space. If the pressure at the nozzle exit Pa refers to the pressure in an undisturbed environment P∝, then a defining complex is formed, which is called the degree
of non-settlement n = Pa/P∞. It is known that if the degree of non-settlement is close to unity n ≈ 1, the torch of the capillary discharge consists of several cycles of a periodic wave structure called “barrels” [15]. Only one “barrel” is formed at values much larger than unity n ≫ 1. The efficiency of modern explosive radiation sources, as a rule, is noticeably less than 1% of the chemical energy of an explosive. The study of the potential for a significant (several times or more) increase in the relative output of radiation sources of a new generation is relevant for a number of practical applications, t
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