Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions Driven Fusion Energy
This book covers the basic principles of both fusion and plasma physics, examining their combined application for driving controlled thermonuclear energy. The author begins by explaining the underlying scientific theory, and then goes on to explore the nu
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Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions Driven Fusion Energy
Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions Driven Fusion Energy
Bahman Zohuri
Plasma Physics and Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions Driven Fusion Energy
Bahman Zohuri Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Inc. Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
ISBN 978-3-319-47309-3 ISBN 978-3-319-47310-9 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-47310-9
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016953668 © Springer International Publishing AG 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
This book is dedicated to my son Sasha.
Preface
Plasma is a unique state of matter, different from solids, liquids, and vapors. It is a gas where an important fraction of the atoms is ionized, so that the electrons and ions are separate, free, and consists of approximately equal numbers of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons. The characteristics of plasmas are significantly different from those of ordinary neutral gases so that plasmas are considered a distinct “fourth state of matter.” For example, because plasmas are made up of electrically charged particles, they are strongly influenced by electric and magnetic fields, while neutral gases are not. An example of such influence is the trapping of energetic charged particles along geomagnetic field lines to form the Van Allen radiation belts. Plasma physics is the study of charged particles and fluids interacting with selfconsistent electric and magnetic fields. It is a basic research discipline that has many different areas of application—space and astrophysics, controlled fusion, accelerator physics, and beam storage, to name a few. In addition to externally imposed fields, such as the Earth’s magnetic field or the interplanetary magnetic fiel
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