Polymer Colloid Complexes Based on an Imidazolium Surfactant and Polyacrylic Acid
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ICAL CHEMISTRY OF SURFACE PHENOMENA
Polymer Colloid Complexes Based on an Imidazolium Surfactant and Polyacrylic Acid D. A. Kuznetsovaa,*, D. R. Gabdrakhmanova, D. M. Kuznetsova, S. S. Lukashenkoa, and L. Ya. Zakharovaa aArbuzov
Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, 420088 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received January 24, 2020; revised April 15, 2020; accepted April 17, 2020
Abstract—The forming and study of cationic surfactant/polyelectrolyte (PE) polymer colloid systems has been done at different concentrations of an amphiphilic compound and fixed polymer concentration. An imidazolium amphiphilic compound with a tetradecyl radical (IA-14) served as the surfactant; polyacrylic acid (PAA) characterized by a molecular weight of 1800 Da was used as component of the polymer. The aggregation characteristics of the systems have been examined via tensiometry, conductometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. It is shown that introducing of polyelectrolyte initiates the formation of polymer colloid complexes (PCC) at a 50 times lower concentration than the one required for an individual IA-14 system. Dynamic light scattering analysis has shown that the values of the hydrodynamic parameters of PCC lied in the range of 100–120 nm and did not depend on the concentration of the PE or the surfactant. It has been estimated via electrophoretic light scattering that electrostatic interactions make the main contribution to the formation of complexes. Keywords: cationic surfactants, polymer–colloid complexes, polyelectrolyte, aggregation DOI: 10.1134/S0036024420110199
INTRODUCTION Polymer colloid complexes (PCC) formed via the self-assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and amphiphilic compounds are widely used in many fields of industry (e.g., medicine, oil production, and pharmaceutics) [1–8]. The formation of new composed structures expands the field of application of surfactants and polyelectrolytes, so the search for new mixed compositions based on these components is an important task. Varying the concentration and structure of the components, the pH of solutions, and the temperature and ionic strength are especially important when optimizing the composition and conditions of forming surfactant/polyelectrolyte composite systems. It allows us to alter the properties of PCCs and use them to obtain nanocontainers for hydrophobic compounds [9] and polyelectrolyte capsules [10]. The study of such systems also helps in modeling of interaction between cationic surfactants and natural biopolymers (e.g., oligonucleotides, DNA, and proteins) [11–15]. Mixtures of polyelectrolytes and oppositely charged surfactants are characterized by complicated aggregation behavior in solutions, followed by the formation of a wide diversity of morphological structures [16, 17]. Intermolecular interactions of different
nature between polyelectrolytes and surfactants are the reasons for this behavior in solutions. The hydrophobic effect, Van der Waals interactions, and hyd
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