Porous silica and polymer monolith architectures as solid-state optical chemosensors for Hg 2+ ions
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RESEARCH PAPER
Porous silica and polymer monolith architectures as solid-state optical chemosensors for Hg2+ ions Thirumalai Madhesan 1 & Akhila Maheswari Mohan 1 Received: 17 June 2020 / Revised: 10 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 / Published online: 19 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We demonstrate a simple strategy to concoct a competent solid-state opto-chemosensor for the selective and sensitive visual detection of Hg2+ ions. The sensor fabrication involves the utilization of indigenously prepared mesoporous silica and polymer monoliths as probe anchoring templates and 8-hydroxy-7-(4-n-butylphenylazo) quinoline (HBPQ) as the chromo-ionophoric probe for Hg2+ sensing. Both the monoliths are designed with discrete structural and morphological features to serve as efficient host templates. The structural and surface features of the monoliths are characterized using p-XRD, TEM, SEM, SAED, EDAX, XPS, and N2 isotherm analysis. The synergetic features of monolith structural hierarchy along with the probe’s selective chelating ability enable rapid signal response and remarkable ion selectivity for Hg2+. The solid-state sensors evince a linear signal response from 0.6 to 150 μg/L for Hg2+ recognition, with superior data authenticity and replication that is preceded by an RSD value of ≤ 2.25% when tested with real water samples. Keywords Porous polymer . Silica monoliths . Visual sensing . Mercury . Solid-state sensor
Introduction For the past few decades, scientists are working on an exhaustive deliberation towards building up a powerful and economical technique, which could be highly selective and sensitive for the detection and removal of environmentally toxic metal ions [1, 2]. Mercury is considered as one of the most toxic metal ions, as per the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the permissible limits of various forms of mercury contamination in various water resources are in the ultra-trace range of 1–10 μg/L [3]. Besides, it is imperative to monitor Hg2+ ions, owing to their ability to transform the most toxic methyl mercury, a potential neuro- and geno-toxin, for various life forms [4]. Considering this, various sophisticated analytical techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, graphite Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02870-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Akhila Maheswari Mohan [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy (ETAAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are in place for the analysis of mercury ions [5–9]. There is no doubt that these techniques are selective and sensitive,
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