Positive Affect, Self-Efficacy, Goal-Related Variables, and Life Satisfaction: the Role of Goal Attainment and Domain Va
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Positive Affect, Self-Efficacy, Goal-Related Variables, and Life Satisfaction: the Role of Goal Attainment and Domain Value Tick Ngee Sim 1
& Zhi
Jing Lui 1
Received: 15 June 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020/ # The International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies (ISQOLS) and Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The present study sought to extend work on subjective well-being using Lent’s (2004) model. Specifically, the role of goal attainment in the academic and social domains, and the value accorded these domains, in the pathway to life satisfaction was examined using self-report data from 354 Singapore university students. Results demonstrated a role for goal attainment and domain value. For goal attainment, it was found to be able to predict life satisfaction and to play a mediating role in the pathway to life satisfaction – specifically for the link between domain goal progress and domain satisfaction – although the full serial mediation model (from positive affect to life satisfaction) was supported only for the social domain. As for domain value, a moderating role was found in one instance, where the value of benevolence in the social domain moderated the link between social satisfaction and life satisfaction. Overall, the inclusion of both goal attainment and domain value can thus enable a better understanding of subjective well-being. Keywords Life satisfaction . Domain satisfaction . Goal attainment . Goal progress .
Domain value Subjective well-being has long been a subject of interest and has seen different conceptualizations over the years (Brülde 2007). One view that has gained consensus sees subjective well-being as being multi-faceted and comprising cognitive and affective components (Diener et al. 1999) which can be expressed in general or domainspecific terms, with also a temporal aspect (Diener et al. 2003). In this view, life satisfaction is the cognitive component, while the affective component is made up of positive and negative affect. The two components are discriminable (Lucas et al. 1996); indeed, some (e.g. Lent 2004) have even argued for a focus solely on positive affect. * Tick Ngee Sim [email protected]
1
Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
T. N. Sim, Z. J. Lui
Unsurprisingly, there have been calls to examine the different components of subjective well-being in their own right. An alternative conceptualization that has gained some traction was offered by Lent (2004), who argued that subjective well-being is best represented by life satisfaction, with positive and negative affect antecedent and contributing to it. Lent’s (2004) conceptual model incorporates dispositional attributes (including not only personality traits but also dispositions towards positive or negative affect) and environmental resources (e.g., encouragement by others) as starting points that link to life satisfaction via pathways involving social cognitive factors. These social cognitive factors include self-efficacy (beliefs about one’s capacity and ability to su
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