Post-migration well-being of Sub-Saharan Africans in China: a nationwide cross-sectional survey
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Post‑migration well‑being of Sub‑Saharan Africans in China: a nationwide cross‑sectional survey Xia Zou1 · Brian J. Hall2 · Mingzhou Xiong3,4 · Cheng Wang3,4 Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Purpose This study aims to understand the quality of life (QOL) among Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants and explore the factors that contribute to and shape SSA migrants’ QOL and shed light on how post-migration factors affect their QOL in China. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey on QOL of SSA migrants in China from August, 2019 to November, 2019. We recruited SSA migrants using a combination of peer-referred online and offline surveys. The WHOQOLBREF scale assessed the QOL of participants, and depressive symptoms were measured using Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Correlates of well-being including depressive symptoms, migration-related factors, and sociodemographic characteristics were included in hierarchical linear regression models to explore the contributions of these factors on QOL of SSA migrants. Results This study included 928 eligible SSA migrants. The total score of the WHOQOL-BREF scale was 66.8 ± 14.0. Attitudes of local people toward SSA migrants (β = 3.1, 95% CI 2.4, 3.0) and satisfaction with their living conditions (β = 3.6, 95% CI 2.5, 4.7) were positively associated with QOL and explained 12.2% of the variance. Contracting an infectious disease in the past year (β = − 5.3, 95% CI − 7.6, − 2.9) and depression werenegatively associated with QOL (β = − 0.7, 95% CI − 0.7, − 0.6) and explained 24.4% of the variance. Conclusion Our study underscores the importance of several key factors that may aid in the improvement of QOL among SSA migrants. Post-migration environmental factors emerged as key correlates of QOL, which builds on previous evidence that the post-migration context should be improved to safeguard the well-being of SSA migrants in China. Keywords Quality of life · Sub-Saharan African migrants · Post-migration · Social environment * Cheng Wang [email protected]
Background
Xia Zou [email protected]
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), comprised of 49 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is populous and highly mobile. There were 23.2 million emigrants from SSA in 2015, and the number is growing. The majority of SSA migrants are from Somalia, Burkina Faso, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, and Cote d’Ivoire [1]. In the past decades, most international SSA migrants move to high-income countries. However, due to the improving economic conditions in LMICs and changes in immigration regulations, the migration pattern has been shifting with immigration declining to high-income countries and increasing in LMICs [2]. China has increasingly become an important host country of SSA migrants. In 2013, China launched the Belt and Road Initiative, which facilitates development cooperation
Brian J. Hall [email protected] Mingzhou Xiong [email protected] 1
Global Health Research Center, Guangdong
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