Pragmatics of Natural Languages
In June 22-27,1970, an International Working Symposium on Pragmatics of Natural Languages took place in Jerusalem under the auspices of The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science of the I
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SYNTHESE LIBRARY MONOGRAPHS ON EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE, SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENCE AND OF KNOWLEDGE, AND ON THE MATHEMATICAL METHODS OF SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Editors: DONALD DAVIDSON, JAAKKO HINTIKKA,
Rockefeller University and Princeton University Academy of Finland and Stanford University
GABRIEL NUCHELMANS, WESLEY
C.
SALMON,
University ofLeyden
Indiana University
PRAGMATICS OF NATURAL LANGUAGES Edited by
YEHOSHUA BAR-HILLEL
D. REIDEL PUBLISHING COMPANY
I DORDRECHT-HOLLAND
Published under the auspices of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 77-159653 ISBN-13: 978-90-277-0599-0
e-ISBN-13: 978-94-010-1713-8
001: 10.1007/978-94-010-1713-8
All Rights Reserved Copyright © 1971 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1971
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher
PREFACE
In June 22-27,1970, an International Working Symposium on Pragmatics of Natural Languages took place in Jerusalem under the auspices of The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science.! Some thirty philosophers, logicians, linguists, and psychologists from Israel, U.S.A., West-Germany, England, Belgium, France, Scotland, and Denmark met in seven formal and a number of informal sessions in order to discuss some ofthe problems around the use and acquisition oflanguage which in the eyes of an increasing number of scholars have been left undertreated in the recent upsurge ofinterest in theoretical linguistics and philosophy of language. More specifically, during the formal sessions the following topics were discussed: The validity of the syntactics-semantics-pragmatics trichotomy The present state of the competence-performance issue Logic and linguistics The New Rhetoric Speech acts Language acquisition. The participants in the Symposium distributed among themselves reprints and preprints of relevant material, partly in advance of the meeting, partly at its beginning. Each session was introduced by one or two moderators, and summaries of each day's proceedings were prepared and distributed the next day. The participants were invited to submit papers after the symposium, written under its impact. The eleven essays published here are the result. It is probably not exaggerated to state that it was, at the end of the meeting, the consensus of the participants that the pragmatic aspects, or at least some of them, of communication through natural languages have to be treated by linguistic theory proper, just like its syntactic and semantic
VI
PREFACE
aspects, and that this treatment can only be delegated to some other field with a considerable loss to linguistics itself, contrary to the well-known thesis of Katz and Fodor in their well-known 1963 article. But ther