Predation
When assuming the task of preparing a book such as this, one inevitably wonders why anyone would want to read it. I have always sympathized with Charles Elton's trenchant observation in his 1927 book that 'we have to face the fact that while ecological wo
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Population and Community Biology Series Editors M. B. Usher Senior Lecturer, University of York, UK M. L. Rosenzweig Professor, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, USA The study of both populations and communities is central to the science of ecology. This series of books will explore many facets of population biology and the processes that determine the structure and dynamics of communities. Although individual authors and editors have freedom to develop their subjects in their own way, these books will all be scientifically rigorous and often utilize a quantitative approach to analysing population and community phenomena.
PREDATION Robert J. Taylor Associate Professor of Zoology Clemson University USA
NEW YORK
LONDON
CHAPMAN AND HALL
First published 1984 by Chapman and Hall Ltd 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Published in the USA by Chapman and Hall 733 Third Avenue, New York NY 10017
D 1984 Robert 1. Taylor Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1984 ISBN-13: 978-94-010-8951-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-5554-7 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-5554-7 This title is available in both hardbound and paperback editions. The paperback edition is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this conditiOlI being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted, or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Taylor, R. 1. (Robert John) Predation. - (Population and community biology) 1. Predation (Biology) 1. Title II. Series 591.53 QL758
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Taylor, Robert J., 1945Predation (Population and community biology) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Predation (Biology) 1. Title. II. Series. QL758.T38 1984 574.5'3 84-4974
Contents
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Preface Acknowledgements Predators and predation Predation theory Clearing the decks Field studies Self-limitation of prey and predator populations Age and size structure in predator and prey populations Prey refugia The functional response: the influence of predatory behavior upon dynamics Spatial structure in prey populations Predation and population cycles The evolution of predator-prey systems Predation and the ecological community Appendix of scientific names Bibliography Index
vi Vll
1 6 24 30
47 58 69
82 101 114 125
140 147 149 164
Preface When assuming the task of preparing a book such as this, one inevitably wonders why anyone would want to read it. I have always sympathized with Charles Elton's trenchant observation in his 1
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