Prediction of pressure and temperature changes in the salt caverns of Tuz Golu underground natural gas storage site whil
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Prediction of pressure and temperature changes in the salt caverns of Tuz Golu underground natural gas storage site while withdrawing or injecting natural gas by numerical simulations Sukru Merey 1 Received: 7 February 2019 / Accepted: 4 March 2019 / Published online: 13 March 2019 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2019
Abstract Tuz Golu (Salt Lake) Underground Gas Storage (UGS) Project in Turkey is being implemented. In some of salt caverns, natural gas is currently stored. While analyzing the data of Tuz Golu UGS project, it was observed that this location is appropriate for safe underground natural gas storage due to its rock salt with high purity and very low permeability. In this study, many numerical simulations for a salt cavern in Tuz Golu UGS project at different gas withdrawal and injection rates were conducted by using TOUGH + RealGasBrine simulator. According to the results of these numerical simulations, the temperature inside salt cavern reduced below 0 °C from 53 °C within 20 days at a rate of gas withdrawal of 3.33 million standard m3/day due to Joule-Thomson effect. The temperature inside salt cavern reduced below 0 °C within 25 days, 40 days, and 60 days at a rate of gas withdrawal of 2.5, 1.67, and 0.833 million standard m3, respectively. In order to avoid fracture around the walls of salt cavern, the temperature change inside salt cavern should not be higher than 30 °C. In the numerical simulations, there is no gas seepages from the salt cavern to other neighbor salt caverns, which are 600 m away owing to very low permeability of salt rock in the study area. The implication of this study is that gas withdrawal and gas injection profiles are quite important to keep the temperature inside salt caverns at an optimum range for safe natural gas storage. Keywords Gas storage . Salt caverns . Joule-Thomson effect . Gas withdrawal . Gas injection
Introduction Natural gas consumption has increased enormously in the world (Birol 2018). Moreover, this demand is expected to increase as seen in Fig. 1. Countries importing natural gas want to secure their natural gas demand by storing natural gas in the case of any political and technical problems while importing natural gas from natural gas exporters. Underground natural gas storage is possible for these geological structures: salt caverns, porous rock, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, aquifers, abandoned mines, lined rocks caverns (Demirel et al. 2017; Parkes et al. 2018). These sites are also considered as potential locations for CO2 sequestration
Editorial handling: F. Sun * Sukru Merey [email protected] 1
Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
(Jaju et al. 2016; Huang et al. 2018). Fourteen percent of the current underground natural gas storage facilities is stored inside salt caverns (Blanco and Faaij 2018) because the permeability of rock salts is very low (Deng et al. 2015; Liu et al. 2015). Initially, wells are drilled in rock salts with NaClsaturated drilling fluid to reach t
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