Prediction of the As(III) and As(V) Abatement Capacity of Zea mays Cob Powder: ANN Modelling
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Prediction of the As(III) and As(V) Abatement Capacity of Zea mays Cob Powder: ANN Modelling Kumar Rohit Raj • Abhishek Kardam • Jyoti Kumar Arora • Shalini Srivastava M. M. Srivastava
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Received: 16 June 2012 / Accepted: 19 December 2012 / Published online: 8 February 2013 Ó The National Academy of Sciences, India 2013
Abstract Arsenic contamination of ground water is unfolding as one of the worst natural geo environmental disaster to date. Due to increasing environmental awareness and legal constraints imposed on discharge of effluents, the need for cost effective alternative technologies is essential for removal of arsenic from water bodies. Zea mays cob powder (ZMCP) is an excellent biomaterial as it is largely available as a waste and having high sorption capacity, hence, used for the present study. Optimization of the process variables (biomaterial dosage, contact time, arsenic concentration, volume and pH) for the decontamination of As(III) and As(V) using artificial neural network modeling were studied. Back-Propagation and Levenberg– Marquardt techniques are used to train various neural network architectures and the accuracy of the obtained models have been examined by using testing data set. The minimum mean square error in the group of five variables was determined for training and cross validation are 1.48275E-05 and 0.000140872 respectively. The performance of the network for predicting the sorption efficiency of biosorbent is found to be very impressive. Keywords Arsenic decontamination Biosorption Zea mays cob powder Optimization ANN modeling
K. R. Raj A. Kardam S. Srivastava M. M. Srivastava (&) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282110, India e-mail: [email protected] J. K. Arora Department of Mathematics, Technical College, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra 282110, India
Introduction Arsenic pollution of natural waters has become an international sanitation problem that currently affects over 40 million people in the world [1]. Groundwater contamination is of global concern and arsenic associated human health problems have been recognised in many parts of the world, mainly in developing countries [2]. The source of arsenic pollution is from the discharge of various industries such as smelting, petroleum-refining, and pesticide, herbicide, glass, and ceramic manufacturing industries [3]. Long term exposures to arsenic levels can result in permanent and severe damage to human health. Arsenic toxicity causes skin lesions, damage mucous membranes, nervous system, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, genotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects [4, 5]. Considering the lethal impact of arsenic on human health, environmental authorities have taken a more stringent attitude towards the presence of arsenic in water. Because of its high toxic effects, the World Health Organization (WHO) has revised the guidelines for arsenic in drinking water from 50 to 10 lg/l since, the removal of arsenic from raw water is of
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