Prediction of the thermodynamic properties of solutes in the Bi-based ternary dilute solution
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g. 2—Effect of the flow rate on the foaming index.
Fig. 3—Effect of the gas flow rate on the foaming index.
reasonably constant. But, when the bubble-dispersed phase is absent, an increase of superficial velocity will result in a higher foam volume with a consequent increase of . Equation [20] shows that an increase of results in lower foaming index. Thus, if the foam height is plotted with superficial velocity, initially, it will increase linearly with superficial velocity following Eq. [20], and then, as the bubble-dispersed phase becomes completely consumed, the rate of increase of foam height will gradually decrease due to an increase of gas fraction. Figures 2 and 3 show the plot of foam height vs superficial velocity obtained by Wu et al.[6] and Zamalloa et al.,[12] respectively. The results of Wu et al., corresponding to 1450 ⬚C and 1500 ⬚C, follow the preceding trend, but the plots of 1550 ⬚C and 1600 ⬚C are linear in the complete range of gas velocity. Because viscosity decreases with an increase in temperature, the drainage rate of liquid through a Plateau border is higher at higher temperature according to Eq. [14] or when the foaming index is lower, as shown by Eq. [21]. Thereby, at high temperature, the bubble-dispersed phase was present, even at the maximum flow rate leading to a linear relationship. Zamalloa’s plots at 1300 ⬚C and 1350 ⬚C without additions of P2O5 are linear, indicating the presence of a bubble-dispersed phase. 502—VOLUME 33B, JUNE 2002
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