Predictions for charmed nuclei based on $$Y_c N$$ Y c N forces inferred from lattice QCD simulations
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Regular Article -Theoretical Physics
Predictions for charmed nuclei based on Yc N forces inferred from lattice QCD simulations Johann Haidenbauer1,a , Andreas Nogga1, Isaac Vidaña2 1
Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik (Theorie) and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany 2 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania, Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Majorana”, Università di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
Received: 19 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 © The Author(s) 2020 Communicated by Vittorio Somà
Abstract Charmed nuclei are investigated utilizing Λc N and Σc N interactions that have been extrapolated from lattice QCD simulations at unphysical masses of m π = 410–570 MeV to the physical point using chiral effective field theory as guideline. Calculations of the energies of Λc single-particle bound states for various charmed nuclei from Λ5c Li to 209 Λc Bi are performed using a perturbative many-body approach. This approach allows one to determine the finite nuclei Λc self-energy from which the energies of the different bound states can be obtained. Though the Λc N interaction inferred from the lattice results is only moderately attractive, it supports the existence of charmed nuclei. Already the lightest nucleus considered is found to be bound. The spin-orbit splitting of the p- and d-wave states turns out to be small, as in the case of single Λ hypernuclei. Additional calculations based on the Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations suggest that also A = 4 systems involving a Λc baryon are likely to be bound, but exclude a bound Λ3 c He state. 1 Introduction The prospect of an ample production of baryons with charm offered by facilities such as the LHC at CERN [1–3], RHIC at BNL [4], J-PARC and KEK in Japan [5,6], or FAIR in Germany [7–9] has led to a renewed interest in the in-medium properties of such baryons [10–13] and also in the question whether they, and notably the lightest charmed baryon, the Λc (2286), could form bound states with ordinary matter [14–19]. In fact, there is a long history of speculations about possible bound systems involving the Λc [20–36] that started soon after the discovery of charmed baryons [37,38] (see also the recent reviews [39,40]). In principle, charmed a e-mail:
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nuclei could be produced by means of charm exchange or associate charm production reactions [41,42], in analogy to the ones widely used in hypernuclear physics. However, the experimental production of charmed nuclei is difficult due to the short lifetimes of D-meson beams which makes it necessary to place the target as close as possible to the D-meson production point, and due to the kinematics of the reactions: the charmed particles are formed with large momentum making their capture by a target-nucleus improbable. Because of these difficulties, up to now, only three albeit controversial candidates have been reported by an emulsion experiment carried
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