Predictive value of plasma lipid levels for coronary artery disease (CAD)
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Predictive value of plasma lipid levels for coronary artery disease (CAD) Saleem U Shahid 1 & Shabana 1
&
Abdul Rehman 1
Received: 18 July 2018 / Accepted: 5 February 2020 # Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world including Pakistan. CAD events are caused by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors, the effects of which are mainly mediated through cardiovascular risk factors. The major risk factors for CAD include hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history of premature atheroscleclerotic disease, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. However, it is clear from the existing literature that dyslipidemia plays a central role. This study was designed to examine the plasma lipid profile in coronary artery disease patients of both sexes receiving clinical care at various government hospitals in Lahore. Blood samples were collected from a total of 500 CAD patients and 250 healthy (control) subjects and subsequently analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels. These measurements showed that TC, LDL, TG and VLDL levels were significantly elevated, whereas HDL levels were significantly reduced in CAD patients as compared to ethnically matched controls (p < 0.0001). However, lipid levels did not differ significantly between the male and female patients. Furthermore, the lipid profile parameters were strongly associated with CAD status and association of LDL/HDL remained significant even after making an adjustment for confounders. In addition, patients with comorbidities exhibited severe lipid abnormalities. In conclusion, this study revealed elevated plasma TG, TC, VLDL and LDL levels and attenuated plasma HDL levels in the Pakistani patients with coronary artery disease. Also, plasma lipid levels have the potential to serve as biomarkers for CAD in Pakistani population. Keywords Plasma lipoproteins,heart disease . Lipid biomarkers . Dyslipidemia
Abbreviation CAD Coronary artery disease TC Total Cholesterol TG triglycerides HDL High density lipoprotein LDL low density lipoprotein VLDL Very Low density CVD Cardiovascular diseases CM Chylomicrons LPL Lipoprotein lipase LCAT Lecithin cholesterol acyltranferase
* Shabana [email protected] 1
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
CETP FBG JNC-V SPSS
Cholesterol ester transfer protein Fasting blood glucose Joint National Committee for Hypertension Statistical Package for Social Sciences
Introduction Coronary artery disease (CAD), a blockage of arteries that supply blood to the heart, is the most common type of heart disease. It is sometime referred to as coronary heart disease (CHD) or ischemic heart disease (IHD). Globally, CAD is the leading cause of death and disability and is predicted to remain so for the next 10 years. It i
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