Prematurity and associated future paediatric airway pathology: experience from a single tertiary paediatric ENT centre
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Prematurity and associated future paediatric airway pathology: experience from a single tertiary paediatric ENT centre Nilesh Vakharia1 · Atanu Maity1 · Gaurav Bajaj2 · Yogesh Bajaj1 · Andrew Hall1 Received: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 6 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Enhanced management of the pre-term patient has resulted in improved survival rates in increasingly premature patients. Although prematurity predisposes to congenital airway pathology, there is also increased risk of endotracheal intubation, and therefore acquired subglottic pathology. We sought to evaluate airway pathology in children outside the neonatal period with a history of prematurity to explore the relationship between prematurity and upper airway pathologies. Methods Data for patients undergoing elective microlaryngobronchoscopy (MLB) at our centre were collected prospectively over a 5-year period. Patients identified as premature were sub-classified by the grade of prematurity. Results 339 patients over 1 month of age underwent MLB, of which 56 (16.5%) were born prematurely. Of those with identified airway pathology, 49 (23.4%) were born prematurely, accounting for 32.6% of subglottic stenosis (n = 30), 24% of laryngomalacia (n = 13) and 19% of laryngeal cleft diagnoses (n = 16). 49 premature patients (87.5%) had one or more airway pathologies diagnosed. Multi-level airway pathology was seen in twelve premature infants (21.4%), demonstrating a statistically significant association (odds ratio 3.396; 95% CI 1.697–6.842; p value
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