Prematurity, perinatal inflammatory stress, and the predisposition to develop chronic kidney disease beyond oligonephrop
- PDF / 442,736 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 85 Downloads / 167 Views
REVIEW
Prematurity, perinatal inflammatory stress, and the predisposition to develop chronic kidney disease beyond oligonephropathy Lieke A. Hoogenboom 1,2 Michiel F. Schreuder 2
&
Tim G. A. M. Wolfs 1,3,4
&
Matthias C. Hütten 3,5 & Carine J. Peutz-Kootstra 6
&
Received: 4 May 2020 / Revised: 28 June 2020 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Prematurity and perinatal stress, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and chorioamnionitis, are pathological processes creating an impaired intrauterine environment. These intrauterine factors are associated with the development of proteinuria, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life. Initially, this was thought to be secondary to oligonephropathy, subsequent glomerular hypertrophy, and hyperfiltration, leading to glomerulosclerosis, a further decrease in nephron number, and finally CKD. Nowadays, there is increasing evidence that prematurity and perinatal stress affect not only nephron endowment but also the maturation of podocytes and vasculogenesis. IUGR is associated with podocyte damage and an aggravated course of nephrotic syndrome. Moreover, preterm birth and IUGR are known to cause upregulation of the postnatal reninangiotensin system, resulting in hypertension. Chorioamnionitis causes damage to the glomeruli, thereby predisposing to the development of glomerulosclerosis. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on the influence of prematurity, IUGR, and chorioamnionitis on the development of different glomerular structures. After summarizing human and experimental data on low nephron number in general, a specific focus on the current understanding of podocyte and glomerular capillary formation in relation to prematurity and different causes of perinatal stress is presented. Keywords Oligonephropathy . Podocytopathy . Prematurity . Intrauterine growth restriction . Chorioamnionitis
Introduction Developments in perinatal and postnatal care have increased the survival of neonates at the expense of increased morbidity * Lieke A. Hoogenboom [email protected] 1
Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
2
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboudumc Amalia Children’s Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
3
Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
4
Department of Biomedical Engineering (BMT), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
5
Department of Neonatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
6
Department of Pathology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
later in life, with report of neurologic and pulmonary complications in up to 50% of extreme preterm or extreme low birth weight neonates. Kidney development continues until 34– 36 weeks of gestation and may be hampered by preterm birth and/or perinatal stress, such as intrauterine growth
Data Loading...
