Preparation of Nanostructured Co 3 O 4 and Ru-Doped Co 3 O 4 and Their Applicability in Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing
- PDF / 1,630,884 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 593.972 x 792 pts Page_size
- 56 Downloads / 211 Views
JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04495-0
Preparation of Nanostructured Co3O4 and Ru-Doped Co3O4 and Their Applicability in Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing Prabhat Kumar Singh, Neetu Singh, Mridula Singh, Poonam Tandon, and Saurabh Kumar Singh (Submitted September 29, 2018; in revised form September 16, 2019) Cobalt oxide and 5% ruthenium-doped cobalt oxide were successfully synthesized following the sol–gel scheme. Thereupon, structural, optical, morphological and elemental studies were conducted utilizing a multitude of characterization techniques, viz. X-ray diffraction technique, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The crystallite size of Co3O4 and Ru-Co3O4 nanostructures was calculated to be 25 and 27 nm, respectively. Further, the synthesized materials were used to investigate their LPG sensing properties. The response time for Co3O4 and Ru-doped Co3O4 was calculated to be 35 and 21 s, respectively. The calculated recovery time for Co3O4 was 66 s while for Ru-Co3O4 it was 50 s. Doping of Ru in Co3O4 resulted in increased sensitivity and lowering of the response time and recovery time which suggests that Ru-Co3O4 can prove to be a prominent material for LPG sensing. Keywords
gas sensor, nanomaterials, semiconductor, sol–gel process
1. Introduction The application of nanotechnology is discernible in almost all walks of life. One of the most exciting properties of the nanomaterials is their enhanced surface-to-volume ratio (Ref 13). As the surface-to-volume ratio of the nanomaterial escalates, the nanomaterial experiences numerous metamorphoses in its chemical and physical properties. It has been noted that quite often, the materials in their nanostate assume a set of altogether altered features, clearly distinctive from the ones possessed during the original bulk state. Nanomaterials have evinced better strength, stability, ductility, etc., in comparison with the bulk materials. The distinguishing characteristics available in the nanorange are being remarkably utilized in multifarious fields like aircraft industry, crude oil and petroleum sector, apparel business, automobile manufactories, etc. Many nanostructured metal oxides are being synthesized and investigated throughout the world such as ZnO, CuO, MnO2, SnO2, WO3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles which are finding useful applications in gas sensing (Ref 4-13), cosmetics (Ref 14), water purifiers (Ref 15), flame retardants (Ref 16), superconductors (Ref 17), batteries (Ref 18), etc. Materials like SnO2 nanowire (Ref 19) and Pd-WO3-loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanohybrids (Ref 20) have been utilized for gas sensing and volatile Prabhat Kumar Singh, Neetu Singh, Mridula Singh, and Poonam Tandon, Macromolecular Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, UP 226007, India; Saurabh Kumar Singh, Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyay Govt. Girls P.G. College, Rajajipuram, Lucknow, UP 226017, India. Contact e-mails: tandon_poonam@lkouniv
Data Loading...
