Pretension-Dependent Residual Stress of Alumina Fiber-Reinforced Composite Wire
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ALUMINUM matrix composites reinforced with 3M’s continuous Nextel 610 ceramic fibers (Al2O3f/Al) have received much attention in recent years in aerospace, automobile, and power transmission sectors[1–6] owing to their excellent mechanical and physical properties including high specific stiffness, high tensile and compressive properties, and good fatigue resistance as well as high electrical conductivity.[1,7–10] One particularly interesting feature of these composites is that attractive longitudinal mechanical properties can be achieved with a pure aluminum matrix[7–10] while a relatively high electrical conductivity can also be attained; as a result the (Al2O3f/ Al) composites with pure aluminum matrix are emerging as an attractive reinforcing conductors used in long distance power transmission[3–6] that are subjected to relatively high axial tensile loads in order to reduce the sag of reinforced conductors. Such kind of tensile loads may XIAOYA DAI, Postgraduate Student, and SHAOZONG ZHANG and MINGYUAN GU, Professors, are with the State Key Lab of MMCs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China. WENLONG ZHANG, formerly Professor with the State Key Lab of MMCs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, is now Visiting Fellow with the Advanced Composites Center for Innovation and Science, University of Bristol, Queen’s Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, U.K. Contact e-mail: [email protected] PING GAO, Researcher, is with the No. 52 Institute of China Ordnance Industries Group, 4 Hudemulin Road, Baotou 014034, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China. HUA-XIN PENG, Professor, is with the Advanced Composites Center for Innovation and Science, University of Bristol. Manuscript submitted July 23, 2013. Article published online November 2, 2013 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
considerably influence the internal stress and hence the service life of the composite reinforcing cores. It is well known that when an Al2O3f/Al composite is cooled down from the fabrication temperature to room temperature, residual stress is generated in the composite due to the great difference in thermal expansion coefficient between aluminum matrix (23.6 9 106 K1) and alumina fibers (7.1 9 106 K1).[11] It has been shown that residual stresses may greatly influence the properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs) such as deformation, creep, dimensional instability, fracture strength as well as fatigue resistance.[12–16] Hence much effort has been devoted to determining and adjusting the residual stress that is existing in MMCs. Techniques used to characterize the internal stress in MMCs include X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation, finite-element calculation, etc. Liu et al.[17] examined the distribution of thermal residual stress in SiCf/Al composites using micro-X-ray diffraction (50 lm in diameter), and found that the hoop residual stress was tensile whereas the radial residual stress was compressive and the absolute value of the thermal residual stress decreased with
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