Prevalence, Comorbidity and Predictor of Separation Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents
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Prevalence, Comorbidity and Predictor of Separation Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents Mohammad Reza Mohammadi 1 & Rahim Badrfam 1 & Ali Khaleghi 1 & Zahra Hooshyari 1 & Nastaran Ahmadi 2 & Atefeh Zandifar 3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Separation Anxiety Disorder(SAD) is one of the earliest anxiety disorders. The effect of this disorder on the performance of children and adolescents reveals the need for awareness of the prevalence and comorbidity of this disorder in each region. This study is a cross-sectional analytical study implemented in all provinces of Iran. The instrument used in this study is the Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version(K-SADA-PL) questionnaire. The total number of participants was 29,699. The overall prevalence of SAD was 5.3%. The comorbidity rate of 65.3% was found between SAD and other psychiatric disorders. Specific phobia and oppositional defiant disorder had the highest comorbidity with this disorder in the studied population. The more prevalence of separation anxiety disorder in the age range of 6–9 years old highlights the need for early detection of this disorder and targeting screening programs in childhood and adolescence. Keywords Separation anxiety disorder . Children . Adolescents . Comorbidity . Predictor
* Rahim Badrfam [email protected] Mohammad Reza Mohammadi [email protected] Ali Khaleghi [email protected] Zahra Hooshyari [email protected] Nastaran Ahmadi [email protected] Atefeh Zandifar [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Psychiatric Quarterly
Introduction The global prevalence of mental disorders in the world is estimated at 13% [1]. Among these, the prevalence of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents, despite variability in various studies, was reported to be about 6.5%, with the highest prevalence among all psychiatric disorders [2]. One of the earliest anxiety disorders is Separation Anxiety Disorder(SAD), which is defined as an abnormal response to the real or imagined separation of individuals under attachment, which disturbs his/her normal functions [3–5]. The prevalence of anxiety disorders, and specifically separation anxiety disorder, has been studied and evaluated in various studies [6]. This prevalence varies according to the survey method and type of instrument used. For example, some studies reported a one-year prevalence of separation anxiety disorder of 4.3% [7, 8]. Also, some assays have reported a different prevalence of anxiety disorders among boys and girls, while some studies have reported no difference in the prevalence among the two groups [6, 8]. Shear et al. reported lifetime prevalence of separation anxiety disorders between 1.4% and 6.6% and indicated that in about half of the cases, there was a comorbidity of other psychiatric disorders [9]. In the context of the comorbidity of other psychiatric disorders with separati
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