Prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis in general and clinical populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis in general and clinical populations: a systematic review and meta‑analysis Rikke Krüger Jensen1,2 · Tue Secher Jensen2,3,4 · Bart Koes1,5 · Jan Hartvigsen1,2 Received: 4 November 2019 / Revised: 27 January 2020 / Accepted: 9 February 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To estimate the prevalence of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) in adults, identified by clinical symptoms and/or radiological criteria. Methods Systematic review of the literature. Pooled prevalence estimates by care setting and clinical or radiological diagnostic criteria were calculated and plotted [PROSPERO ID: CRD42018109640]. Results In total, 41 papers reporting on 55 study samples were included. The overall risk of bias was considered high in two-thirds of the papers. The mean prevalence, based on a clinical diagnosis of LSS in the general population, was 11% (95% CI 4–18%), 25% (95% CI 19–32%) in patients from primary care, 29% (95% CI 22–36%) in patients from secondary care and 39% (95% CI 39–39%) in patients from mixed primary and secondary care. Evaluating the presence of LSS based on radiological diagnosis, the pooled prevalence was 11% (95% CI 5–18%) in the asymptomatic population, 38% (95% CI − 10 to 85%) in the general population, 15% (95% CI 13–18%) in patients from primary care, 32% (95% CI 22–41%) in patients from secondary care and 21% (95% CI 16–26%) in a mixed population from primary and secondary care. Conclusions The mean prevalence estimates based on clinical diagnoses vary between 11 and 39%, and the estimates based on radiological diagnoses similarly vary between 11 and 38%. The results are based on studies with high risk of bias, and the pooled prevalence estimates should therefore be interpreted with caution. With an growing elderly population, there is a need for future low risk-of-bias research clarifying clinical and radiological diagnostic criteria of lumbar spinal stenosis. Graphic abstract These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Key points
Take Home Messages
1. The results were based on studies with high risk of bias.
1. The pooled prevalence estimates of lumbar spinal stenosis with a clinical diagnostic criterion was 11 % in the general population and ranged from 25 % to 39 % in clinical populations.
2. There was a substantial variety in the definition of diagnostic criteria between studies for both clinical symptoms and radiological signs of lumbar spinal stenosis.
2. The prevalence of radiological signs of LSS was 11 % in asymptomatic populations, 38 % in the general populations and ranged from 15 % to 32 % in clinical populations.
3. With an increasing elderly population there is a need for future low risk of bias research clarifying clinical and radiological diagnostic criteria of lumbar spinal stenosis.
Jensen RK, Jensen TS, Koes B, Hartvigsen J (2020) Prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis in general and clinical populations – a systematic review and meta-anal
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