Probation 12 Essential Questions
This volume poses a series of key questions about the practice of probation as an integral part of the European criminal justice system. The contributors are established experts in their respective fields of study and together their questions address the
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Fergus McNeill, Ioan Durnescu and René Butter
Probation
Fergus McNeill • Ioan Durnescu • René Butter Editors
Probation 12 Essential Questions
Editors Fergus McNeill School of Social and Political Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow, United Kingdom
René Butter HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, The Netherlands
Ioan Durnescu Faculty of Sociology University of Bucharest Bucharest, Romania
ISBN 978-1-137-51980-1 (hardback) ISBN 978-1-137-51982-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-51982-5
ISBN 978-1-137-51981-8 (paperback)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016942453 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 The author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © Hip Hip! / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Macmillan Publishers Ltd. London
Contents
Introduction: Questions, Questions, Questions Ioan Durnescu, Fergus McNeill, and René Butter
1
Why Do People Commit Crimes? Rob Canton
9
What Are the Most Important Studies of Desistance and What Are the Future Research Needs? Lila Kazemian
35
What Is the Impact of Probation in Advising Sentencing and Promoting Community Sanctions and Measures? George Mair
61
Has Probation Any Impact in Terms of Reparation to Victims and Communities? Complicating a Simple Question Leo van Garsse
85
What Is the Impact of Community Service? Gill McIvor
107 v
vi
Contents
What Is Probation’s Role in Successful Social Integration (Resettlement) of People Leaving Prison? A Piece in the Jigsaw Maurice Vanstone What Is the Impact of Probation on Satisfying the Public’s Desire for Justice or Punishment? Rob Allen What Are the Costs and Benefits of Probation? Faye S. Taxman and Stephanie Maass Experiencing Supervision:
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