Probing the effect of aroma compounds on the hydrodynamic properties of mucin glycoproteins
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Probing the effect of aroma compounds on the hydrodynamic properties of mucin glycoproteins Vlad Dinu1,2 · Thomas MacCalman1 · Ni Yang2 · Gary G. Adams3 · Gleb E. Yakubov1,2 · Stephen E. Harding1 · Ian D. Fisk2 Received: 17 August 2020 / Revised: 12 October 2020 / Accepted: 23 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Aroma compounds are diverse low molecular weight organic molecules responsible for the flavour of food, medicines or cosmetics. Natural and artificial aroma compounds are manufactured and used by the industry to enhance the flavour and fragrance of products. While the low concentrations of aroma compounds present in food may leave no effect on the structural integrity of the mucosa, the effect of concentrated aroma volatiles is not well understood. At high concentrations, like those found in some flavoured products such as e-cigarettes, some aroma compounds are suggested to elicit a certain degree of change in the mucin glycoprotein network, depending on their functional group. These effects are particularly associated with carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones, but also phenols which may interact with mucin and other glycoproteins through other interaction mechanisms. This study demonstrates the formation of such interactions in vitro through the use of molecular hydrodynamics. Sedimentation velocity studies reveal that the strength of the carbonyl compound interaction is influenced by compound hydrophobicity, in which the more reactive short chain compounds show the largest increase in mucin-aroma sedimentation coefficients. By contrast, the presence of groups that increases the steric hindrance of the carbonyl group, such as ketones, produced a milder effect. The interaction effects were further demonstrated for hexanal using size exclusion chromatography light scattering (SEC-MALS) and intrinsic viscosity. In addition, phenolic aroma compounds were identified to reduce the sedimentation coefficient of mucin, which is consistent with interactions in the non-glycosylated mucin region. Keywords Aroma · Mucin · Interactions · Aldehydes · Phenols · Hydrodynamics
Introduction
Special Issue: Analytical Ultracentrifugation 2019.
Aroma compounds are low molecular weight compounds which are responsible for the perception of flavour. There have been over 7000 aroma compounds identified in 2014
* Vlad Dinu [email protected]
Ian D. Fisk [email protected]
Thomas MacCalman [email protected]
1
National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
2
Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, UK
3
International Diabetes Education and Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
Ni Yang [email protected] Gary G. Adams [email protected] Gleb E. Yakubov [email protected] Steph
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