Processing Parameter Influence on Texture and Microstructural Evolution in Cu-Nb Multilayer Composites Fabricated via Ac
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INTRODUCTION
PHYSICAL vapor deposited (PVD) copper (Cu)niobium (Nb) nanolamellar composites[1–11] have exhibited a variety of desirable properties such as high strength,[1,2,9,10] good ductility,[9,10] high thermal stability,[4,5] enhanced resistance to radiation damage,[6,7] and resistance to shock damage.[11] The desirable properties of PVD Cu-Nb are attributed to the high density of inter-phase boundaries coupled with the particular/ special arrangement of atoms at the interface providing the material with a unique ability to self-heal in the presence of large defect fluxes.[12–16] PVD Cu-Nb composites having equal volume fractions of Cu and Nb display orders-of-magnitude improvements in these properties compared with bulk Cu and bulk Nb.[1,2,4–7,9–11]
JOHN S. CARPENTER and RODNEY J. MCCABE, Staff Members, are with the MST-6: Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM. SHIJIAN J. ZHENG, Postdoctoral Researcher, is with the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory. THOMAS A. WYNN, formerly Research Technologist, with MST-6: Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, is now a Graduate Student with the Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA. NATHAN A. MARA, Staff Member, is with the MST-6: Metallurgy Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, also with the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory. IRENE J. BEYERLEIN, Staff Member, is with the Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted June 19, 2013. Article published online January 10, 2014 2192—VOLUME 45A, APRIL 2014
PVD Cu-Nb exhibits a Kurdjumov–Sachs (KS) orientation relationship with the close packed planes {111}Cu|| {011}Nb joined at the interface and h10-1iCu||h11-1iNb.[7,12–15] This particular arrangement has been found via modeling to provide excellent sites for both dislocation nucleation as well as the recombination and annihilation of defects instigated by radiation bombardment and high strain rates.[12–16] The displayed properties make the fabrication of Cu-Nb nanolaminar composites in a bulk form desirable for applications as varied as transportation, defense, and nuclear energy. Early research into bulk nanoscale Cu-Nb composites, predating the PVD studies, focused on creating conductor materials for high field magnets and superconductors.[17–19] The fabrication methods in this early research utilized casting or powder metallurgy with an end product of thin Nb ribbons (10 to 20 pct Nb by volume) within a majority Cu matrix.[17–25] Coldrolling of these Cu-Nb composites was performed and mechanical behavior, microstructure, texture evolution, and electrical properties were investigated.[17–25] Other early research into bulk fabrication made use of bundling and drawing to fabricate Cu-Nb nanocomposite wires suitable for magnet-based applications.[26–30] The severe plastic deformation method of accumulative roll bonding (ARB) has recently been explored as a f
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