Programming Multi-Agent Systems 7th International Workshop, ProM
The earliest work on agents may be traced at least to the ?rst conceptualization of the actor model by Carl Hewitt. In a paper in an AI conference in the early 1970s, Hewitt described actors as entities with knowledge and goals. Research on actors continu
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Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
5919
Lars Braubach Jean-Pierre Briot John Thangarajah (Eds.)
Programming Multi-Agent Systems 7th International Workshop, ProMAS 2009 Budapest, Hungary, May 10-15, 2009 Revised Selected Papers
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Series Editors Randy Goebel, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Jörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Wolfgang Wahlster, DFKI and University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Volume Editors Lars Braubach University of Hamburg Hamburg, Germany E-mail: [email protected] Jean-Pierre Briot LIP6, Paris 6 - CNRS Paris, France E-mail: [email protected] John Thangarajah RMIT University Melbourne, Australia E-mail: [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2010932226 CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2, D.2, C.2.4, I.2.11, I.6, D.1 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence ISSN ISBN-10 ISBN-13
0302-9743 3-642-14842-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York 978-3-642-14842-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Foreword
The earliest work on agents may be traced at least to the first conceptualization of the actor model by Carl Hewitt. In a paper in an AI conference in the early 1970s, Hewitt described actors as entities with knowledge and goals. Research on actors continued to focus on AI with the development of the Sprites model in which a monotonically growing knowledge base could be accessed by actors (inspired by what Hewitt called “the Scientific Computing Metaphor”). In the late 1970s and well into 1980s, controversy raged in AI between those arguing for declarative languages and those arguing for procedural ones. Actor researchers stood on the side of a procedural view of knowledge, arguing for an open systems perspective rather than the closed world hypothesis necessary for a logical, declarative view. In the open systems view, agents had arms length relationships and could not be expected to store consistent facts, nor could the information in a system be considered complete (the “negation as failure” model). Subsequent work on actors, including my own, focused on using actors for general purpose concurrent and distributed programming. In the late 1980s, a number of actor languages and frameworks were built. These
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