Progress and challenges in solid-state electrochemical research: selected aspects

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Progress and challenges in solid-state electrochemical research: selected aspects Vladislav V. Kharton 1 Received: 30 May 2020 / Revised: 30 May 2020 / Accepted: 31 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020

Solid-state electrochemistry is a rapidly progressing scientific field developing together with other areas of the electrochemical science and engineering, solid-state chemistry and physics, materials science, heterogeneous catalysis, and electronics. This progress is possible, in particular, due to practical importance of many existing and potential applications such as batteries, capacitors and accumulators, fuel cells, numerous sensors and analytical appliances, electrochromic and memory devices, photoelectrochemical technologies, corrosion protection, synthesis of new materials with advanced properties, electrochemical gas pumps and compressors, ceramic membranes with ionic or mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, solid-state electrolyzers, and electrocatalytic reactors. As for any other area, the progress in solid-state electrochemistry produces new challenges. Increasing demands for higher performance of the electrochemical systems leads to the necessity to develop novel approaches for the nanometer-scale optimization of materials and interfaces, for analysis and modeling of highly non-ideal systems, and for overcoming numerous gaps in knowledge. Continuous efforts are always necessary to introduce state-of-the-art electrochemical methods to the closely related scientific and technological areas, and to adopt their advanced techniques for studies of the electrochemical systems. One important task in this context relates to worldwide standardization of experimental and simulation techniques, necessary to accelerate validation and analysis of information available in various reports and periodicals. Such a standardization centered on key research tools should not, however, limit the developments of new methodological approaches and should not induce creation of any stereotypes in the electrochemical research. Furthermore, rising amount and diversity of scientific publications during the last decades * Vladislav V. Kharton [email protected] 1

Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia

increases the importance of systematization, verification, unification of terminology, and suppression of the information noise. The role of the latter factor tends to increase with time; this may have a negative influence on important functions of the scientific literature, namely, storage and dissemination of verified information. The overall level of information noise is substantially contributed by an appearance of stable and popular patterns of research articles multiplied with relatively small changes. Consequently, search for full and adequate information in narrow fields becomes more difficult, which is often critical for students and newcomers. The formal bibliographic metrics, often used to assess quality of projects or publication