Properties and anisotropy behaviour of a nickel base alloy material produced by robot-based wire and arc additive manufa
- PDF / 9,188,479 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 6 Downloads / 122 Views
RESEARCH PAPER
Properties and anisotropy behaviour of a nickel base alloy material produced by robot-based wire and arc additive manufacturing Thomas Hassel 1
&
Torben Carstensen 1
Received: 26 November 2019 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In order to produce three-dimensional components from metals, a wide variety of processes exist. Laser processes combined with metal powders are frequently used and developed. Restrictive factors are the machine-related small workspace, the machinery costs and the material portfolio, which place the technology in the area of high-performance components. Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), as a robust and economical welding process technology in combination with robot applications, represents an option to become more size-independent and provides variability in the range of materials. This work shows results for the robot-based WAAM of structures made from nickel alloy 617. The main focus of the investigation was the determination of the mechanical properties in the as-welded state for which static strength tests, microhardness and metallographic studies were carried out. The anisotropic material behaviour in relation to the build direction (BD) was tested. The direction-dependent strength properties of single-track welded structures are presented with samples taken and tested at 0°, 45° and 90° to the BD. The deformation behaviour was investigated by micro-tensile tests in a scanning electron microscope, whereby the formation of sliding steps on the polished surface under tensile stress was studied. The anisotropic behaviour of the WAAM structures is discussed under consideration of the microstructure and with regard to the grain size development and phase formation. The results indicate an anisotropic material behaviour in the as-welded state based of the crystallographic orientation of the material. Keywords WAAM . Anisotropy . Additive manufacturing . Nickel alloys . Properties . Inconel
1 Introduction Forecasts for additive manufacturing’s (AM) global market volume until 2024 show an annual growth rate of approximately 20% [1]. AM is at its turning point moving from the rapid prototyping sector into mass production. This change is due to the advantages of additive manufacturing, such as the manufacturing of complex near-net-shape geometries. In addition, AM offers the potential of manufacturing according to Recommended for publication by Commission I - Additive Manufacturing, Surfacing, and Thermal Cutting This article is part of the collection on Additive Manufacturing – Processes, Simulation and Inspection * Thomas Hassel [email protected] 1
Institut für Werkstoffkunde, Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH), Hannover, Germany
customer requirements, realizing lot size 1, and regeneration of worn or defective components. In terms of resource conservation, the use of AM’s repair potential is increasingly moving into the focus of research. According to EN ISO/ ASTM 52900 [2], there are seven groups of additive manufacturing processes.
Data Loading...
