Proton structure functions properties from partons helicity components based on maximum entropy approach
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Proton structure functions properties from partons helicity components based on maximum entropy approach Sozha Sohaily1,a , Mohammad Vaziri2 1 Faculty of Physics, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran 2 Department of Physics, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
Received: 29 February 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Analytic expressions for longitudinal quantum statistical parton distribution functions are introduced. An attempt using the maximum entropy principle to determine the spin structure and polarized features of proton is presented. The study provides considering two active flavors and explores polarized statistical distribution of gluons. The structure functions and helicity properties, only based on the momentum entropy maximization principle and proton sum rules are compared to NNPDF, HERMES and other data sets. Eventually, the predicted values of F2 n /F2 p and Δg/g show a good accordance with the experimental results, and one can accept our results validity through the xg1 and Γ1 data sets.
1 Introduction Experimental data from deep inelastic scattering (DIS) that scattered polarized electrons (SLAC) [1,2] or muons (EMC and SMC) [3] of polarized proton and deuteron targets is used to measure precisely the proton and deuteron spin structure functions. Experiments on polarized deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering performed at CERN, SLAC, DESY and JLAB have shown that relatively little of the proton spin is carried by the quarks and antiquarks spin (≈ 0.1–0.3) [4–6]. Gluons play the key role in the mass and momentum of proton and it is expected that they also have a similar important role in the proton’s spin. Since the quark spin accounts only a small fraction of the nucleon’s spin [3], the possibility that gluons may carry a significant fraction of the nucleon’s spin has been debated [7–11]. The best probes of Δg(x) are offered by polarized proton–proton collisions available at the BNL relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) [12]. In the absence of a theory for the parton distributions experimentally, this is common to study parton distribution functions (PDFs) and specially their helicity components as the building blocks to understand the structure of nucleons. In traditional models, the distributions are approximated by different polynomials which require numerous parameters with no attention paid to the physical broadcast of the partons nor on the meaning of the parameters values [13,14]. In contrast, the statistical model provides simple distributions of partons obeying the Fermi–Dirac or Bose–Einstein functions [15–23].
a e-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author)
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Eur. Phys. J. Plus
(2020) 135:678
In this literature, a simple quantum statistical approach is developed to introduce polarized parton distribution functions with very interesting physical properties. The model gives a fairly good description of longi
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