Provenance in Digital Libraries: Source, Context, Value and Trust
Provenance is used in digital libraries to denote authorship, origination or creation, information integrity, rights to re-use and exploit digital content, discovery and linking of data, security, accountability and in the context of digital preservation.
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Abstract Provenance is used in digital libraries to denote authorship, origination or creation, information integrity, rights to re-use and exploit digital content, discovery and linking of data, security, accountability and in the context of digital preservation. The concept is applied in an inter-disciplinary sense in the Bodleian Digital Library, alongside the use of W3C standard PROV, as a useful data modelling framework for the Oxford University Research Archive. The application of provenance in the metadata of digital libraries is discussed in terms of entities, agents, activities, locations, concepts and annotations. We consider research challenges associated with provenance in digital libraries, including potential extensions to PROV, crowdsourcing, applications to new forms of data and determinations of trust. Keywords Data model • Digital archives • Digital humanities • Digital libraries • Digital preservation • Linked data • Ontology • Provenance • Trust
1 Overview of Interest and Application of the Concept of Provenance At the Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, we are interested in the concept of provenance as practitioners working in the digital library field. The Bodleian was founded in 1602 by Sir Thomas Bodley and is one of the largest academic libraries in the world, serving 11,000 academics, 22,000 students and in total around 70,000 registered readers. It manages over 12 million bibliographic records, more than 2 million high resolution images of the Bodleian’s most valuable collections, over 450,000 digitized books, 30,000 highly structured texts, a growing collection of research datasets, and numerous websites and applications curated in a virtual infrastructure that approaches petabyte scale. Our work in the digital library field tends to enable and facilitate research projects on issues of mutual interest led by academic departments, both within and beyond Oxford, which we hope in many cases can transition from being projects to live services embedded in the Library. L.C. Burgess () Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK e-mail: [email protected] © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 V.L. Lemieux (ed.), Building Trust in Information, Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-40226-0_5
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Provenance has a wide definition in library applications, relating to notions of ownership (for example, the provenance of a manuscript within a collection), authorship (for example, the provenance of a book or article), origination or creation (for example, the provenance of scientific data arising from experiments) and many other types of contextual information. Provenance is a well understood area in art and digital libraries, where lineage, pedigree and source play a major role in understanding how things have been derived, and in determining a collection’s authenticity and value [1]. “Provenance, also known as lineage, describes how an object came to be in its present state, and thus, it describes the evo
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