Pseudonocardia filamentous bulking sludge in an industrial wastewater treatment plant as revealed by Illumina amplicon s
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Pseudonocardia filamentous bulking sludge in an industrial wastewater treatment plant as revealed by Illumina amplicon sequencing J. L. Alonso1 · A. Soler1 · L. Moreno‑Mesonero1 · E. Rodríguez2 · P. Infante2 Received: 31 July 2019 / Revised: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 April 2020 © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2020
Abstract In this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed to identify bulking filamentous bacteria in an industrial wastewater treatment plant that threats effluents of bioethanol production process from cereal cooking. The presence of Pseudonocardia sp. was confirmed by comparing the 16SrRNA of the most abundantly amplified sequence (OTU; 12.35%) with corresponding nucleotides present in two genomic databases. The Pseudonocardia species identified was closely related to Pseudonocardia spinosa. Over 50 different types of filamentous microorganisms have been found to cause problems with bulking and foaming, but Pseudonocardia has, until now, not been described to be among them. In addition, the 16S rRNA dataset was analyzed to reveal bacterial community composition during sludge bulking. Candidatus Competibacter was identified as the second most abundant sequence (OTU, 10.04%). Comparative data from samples obtained before and after appearance of Pseudonocardia suggest that a decrease in nutrients could be one of the main factors affecting sludge bulking generated by this species. The outcomes of this study are expected to provide an important insight into the role of Pseudonocardia in bulking in industrial wastewater treatment plants. Keywords A2/O process · Fluorescence in situ hybridization · Illumina sequencing · Nocardioform bacteria
Introduction Excessive growth of filamentous bacteria, bulking and foaming, is a primary concern in aerobic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), since they produce poor sludge settleability, resulting ineffluents of low quality and increased costs due to loss of suspended solids (van der Waarde et al. 2002; Martins et al. 2004). More than 30 different filamentous
Editorial responsibility: Parveen Fatemeh Rupani. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-020-02759-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * J. L. Alonso [email protected] 1
Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación, Ed. 8G, Acceso D, planta 2, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Grupo de Bioindicación de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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bacteria morphotypes have been found in activated sludge systems of WWTPs receiving domestic wastewater, and additional 40 morphotypes have been found in industrial WWTPs (Eikelboom 2006; Guo and Zhang 2012). Bulking filamentous bacteria are phylogenetically very diverse. Members of Actinobacteria such as Candidatus Microthrix parvicella and Tetrasphaera were often found to be the causative organisms of sludge bulking, in treatment plant surveys conduc
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