Quality of life in women with endometriosis: a cross-sectional survey
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Quality of life in women with endometriosis: a cross‑sectional survey Agnieszka Bień1 · Ewa Rzońca1 · Marta Zarajczyk1 · Katarzyna Wilkosz2 · Artur Wdowiak3 · Grażyna Iwanowicz‑Palus1 Accepted: 24 April 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose The aim of the study was to assess QoL and identify and analyse its determinants in women with endometriosis. Methods The study was performed in 2019 in health centres in Lublin (Poland) on 309 women with diagnosed endometriosis. In order to verify which factors affect QoL of the study participants, regression for qualitative variables (CATREG) was used. The applied research instruments included the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire, the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), the Laitinen Pain Scale, and a general questionnaire. Results The overall QoL score of the respondents was 3.30, whereas their overall perceived health score was 2.37. The highest QoL scores were found for the psychological domain 13.33, whereas the lowest QoL were found for the physical domain 11.52. Women with endometriosis have a moderate level of illness acceptance (24.64) and experience daily pain of moderate intensity (5.83). Conclusion Women with endometriosis rate their overall QoL higher than their overall perceived health. Perceived QoL in women with endometriosis is most commonly associated with their acceptance of illness, BMI, negative impact of symptoms on the relationship with the partner, and dyspareunia. To improve these women’s lives, care should also respond to the social, emotional, and sexual issues resulting from the illness. Such interventions will contribute to improved comfort and QoL among these women. Keywords Quality of life · Women · Endometriosis · Acceptance of illness
Introduction Endometriosis is a chronic condition in which the endometrial cells lining the body of the uterus, which show secretory activity, are found outside the uterus. The cells react to the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle, which leads to chronic inflammation. The symptoms of endometriosis are similar to those of other conditions and include severe pain during menstrual periods and during sexual intercourse, pain in lower abdomen (sometimes in the sacral region), and pain during urination and during a * Agnieszka Bień [email protected] 1
Department of Development in Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
2
Department of Development in Midwifery, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
3
Diagnostic Techniques Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
gynaecological examination [1–3]. It is estimated that endometriosis affects between 7 and 15% of women of childbearing age, including between 30 and 50% of infertile women and almost 50% of women with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. These are only estimates, as endometriosis may be asymptomatic, which makes it impossible to determine the exact number of women suffering from the condition [4–6]. The literature on the subjec
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