Quality open source mesh generation for cardiovascular flow simulations
We present efficient algorithms for generating quality tetrahedral meshes for cardiovascular blood flow simulations starting from low quality triangulations obtained from the segmentation of patient specific medical images. The suite of algorithms that ar
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Quality open source mesh generation for cardiovascular flow simulations Emilie Marchandise, Paolo Crosetto, Christophe Geuzaine, Jean-Franc¸ois Remacle, and Emilie Sauvage
Abstract. We present efficient algorithms for generating quality tetrahedral meshes for cardiovascular blood flow simulations starting from low quality triangulations obtained from the segmentation of patient specific medical images. The suite of algorithms that are presented in this paper have been implemented in the open-source mesh generator Gmsh [19]. This includes a high quality remeshing algorithm based on a finite element conformal parametrization and a volume meshing algorithm with a boundary layer generation technique. In the result section, we show that the presence of a boundary layer mesh plays an important role to reduce the problem size in cardiovascular flow simulations.
13.1 Introduction Blood flow dynamics and arterial wall mechanics are thought to be an important factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. A number of specific hemodynamic and vascular mechanic factors - notably wall shear stress (WSS), pressure and mural stress, flow rate, and residence time - have been implicated in aneurysm growth and rupture [8, 39] or in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [25]. Judicious control of these hemodynamic factors may also govern the outcomes of vascular therapies [21, 22]. Blood flow simulations with either rigid or compliant Emilie Marchandise ( ), Emilie Sauvage, Jean-Franc¸ois Remacl Universit´e catholique de Louvain, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering (iMMC), Belgium e-mail: {emilie.marchandise,emilie.sauvage,jean-francois.remacle}@uclouvain.be Paolo Crosetto Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland e-mail: paolo.crosetto@epfl.ch Christophe Geuzaine Universit´e de Li`ege, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Li`ege, Belgium e-mail: [email protected]
Ambrosi D., Quarteroni A., Rozza G. (Eds.): Modeling of Physiological Flows. DOI 10.1007/978-88-470-1935-5 13, © Springer-Verlag Italia 2012
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walls provide a viable option for understanding the complex nature of blood flow and arterial wall mechanics and for obtaining those relevant quantities. These numerical computations require meshes describing the patient-specific three-dimensional cardiovascular geometry. The quality of the meshes is of great importance since it impacts both on the accuracy and the efficiency of the numerical method [5, 40]. For example, it is well known that for finite element computations, the discretization error in the finite element solution increases when the angles of the mesh elements become too large [4], and that the condition number of the finite element matrix increases with small angles [16] which hinders the numerical convergence. Two important elements have to be taken into account in order to generate a high quality tetrahedral mesh for cardiovascular simulations from medical images: (i) the quality of the triangular surface mesh, (ii) t
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