Racism and Colonialism

1. REFLECTIONS ON A THEME by ROBERT ROSS This book, the fourth in the series Comparative Studies in Overseas History, and, like its predecessors, the product of a symposium held by the Leiden Centre for the History of European Expansion, is organised arou

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COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN OVERSEAS HISTORY general editor H.L. WESSELING PUBLICA nONS OF THE LEIDEN CENTRE FOR THE HISTORY OF EUROPEAN EXPANSION

Vol. 1 - H.L. WESSELING (ed.), Expansion and Reaction. Essays on European Expansion and Reactions in Asia and Africa, by F. Braudel, H. Brunschwig, S.N. Eisenstadt, J.C. Heesterman, J.L. Miege, R. Robinson, 1. SchOffer, H.L. Wesseling, and E. Zurcher.

Vol. 2 - P.C. EMMER and H.L. WESSELING (eds.), Reappraisals in Overseas History. Essays on Post-war Historiography about European Expansion, by C. Bayly, H. Bley, L. Blusse, H. Brunschwig, A. Hopkins, J.L. Miege, N. Steensgaard, J. Stengers, H.L. Wesseling, and G. Winius.

Vol. 3 - L. BLUSSE and F. GAASTRA (eds.), Companies and Trade. Essays on Overseas Trading Companies during the Ancien Regime, by P.H. Boulle, K.N. Chaudhuri, P.C. Emmer, O. Feldbaek, F. Gaastra, A.H. de Groot, E. Kato, P.W. Klein, D. Lombard, O. Prakash, E. Schmitt, N. Steensgaard, and G.D. Winius.

Vol. 4 - R. ROSS (ed.), Racism and Colonialism. Essays on Ideology and Social Structure, by D. van Arkel, R.F. Betts, E. van den Boogaart, V.A. February, L. Poliakov, T.O. Ranger, J. Rex, R. Ross, R.T. Smith, and D.A. Washbrook.

Subseq uent volumes will deal with Colonial Cities, and Colonialism and Labor Migration.

RACISM

AND COLONIALISM edited by

ROBERT ROSS Essays on Ideology and Social Structure, by D. van ARKEL, Raymond F. BETTS, Ernst van den BOOGAART, V.A. FEBRUARY, Leon POLIAKOV, T.O. RANGER, John REX, Robert ROSS, Raymond T. SMITH and D.A. WASHBROOK.

II

MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS for the LEIDEN UNIVERSITY PRESS

1982

Distributors for the United States and Canada Kluwer Boston, Inc. 190 Old Derby Street Hingham, MA 02043 USA

for all other countries Kluwer Academic Publishers Group Distribution Center P.O. Box 322 3300 AH Dordrecht The Netherlands

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Racism and colonialism.

(C'omparetive studies in overseas history j v. 4) Includes bibliographical references dnd index. 1. Racisrn--Congresses. 2. Imperiatism-:-CongreBses. }~ Soc:i.a~ cla.sses--Congresse:s. \I. Arkel, D. van. II. Ross, Robere, 1949 July 26-

In.

Series.

HTl521.R33

305.8

31-22585 AACR2

ISBN- 13: 978-94-009-7546-0 001: 10.1007/978-94-009-7544-6

e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-7544-6

Copyright © 1982 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1982 All rights reserved. No part of this publication /1Uly be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 566, 2501 CN The Hague, The Netherlands.

CONTENTS

PART I: Introduction 1. ROBERT ROSS, Reflections on a Theme PART II: Ideology 2. D. V AN ARKEL, Racism in Europe

11

3. ERNST VAN DEN BOOGAART, Colour Prejudice and the Yardstick of Civility: the Initial Dutch Confrontation with Black Africans, 15901635

33

4. L~ON POLIAKOV, Racism from