Radio wave propagation in curved rectangular tunnels at 5.8 GHz for metro applications, simulations and measurements
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Radio wave propagation in curved rectangular tunnels at 5.8 GHz for metro applications, simulations and measurements Emilie Masson1*, Yann Cocheril1, Pierre Combeau2, Lilian Aveneau2, Marion Berbineau1, Rodolphe Vauzelle2 and Etienne Fayt3
Abstract Nowadays, the need for wireless communication systems is increasing in transport domain. These systems have to be operational in every type of environment and particularly tunnels for metro applications. These ones can have rectangular, circular or arch-shaped cross section. Furthermore, they can be straight or curved. This article presents a new method to model the radio wave propagation in straight tunnels with an arch-shaped cross section and in curved tunnels with a rectangular cross section. The method is based on a Ray Launching technique combining the computation of intersection with curved surfaces, an original optimization of paths, a reception sphere, an IMR technique and a last criterion of paths validity. Results obtained with our method are confronted to results of literature in a straight arch-shaped tunnel. Then, comparisons with measurements at 5.8 GHz are performed in a curved rectangular tunnel. Finally, a statistical analysis of fast fading is performed on these results. Keywords: metro applications, wave propagation, ray launching, curved tunnels, arch-shaped tunnels
1. Introduction Wireless communication systems are key solutions for metro applications to carry, at the same time, with different priorities, data related to control-command and train operation and exploitation. Driverless underground systems are one of the best examples of the use of such wireless radio system deployments based on WLAN, standards generally in the 2.45 or 5.8 GHz bands (New York, line 1 in Paris, Malaga, Marmaray, Singapore, Shangaï, etc.). These systems require robustness, reliability and high throughputs in order to answer at the same time the safety and the QoS requirements for data transmission. They must verify key performance indicators such as minimal electric field levels in the tunnels, targeted bit error rates (BER), targeted handover times, etc. Consequently, metro operators and industries need efficient radio engineering tools to model the electromagnetic propagation in tunnels for radio planning and network tuning. In this article, we propose an original * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Université de Lille Nord de France, IFSTTAR, LEOST, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
method based on a Ray Launching method to model the electromagnetic propagation at 5.8 GHz in tunnels with curved cross section or curved main direction. The article is organized as follows. Section 2 details existing studies on this topic. Section 3 presents the developed method. A comparison of our results with the ones obtained in the literature is performed in Section 4 for a straight arch-shaped tunnel. Our method is then confronted to measurements at 5.8 GHz and validated in a c
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