Radiolabelling of TiO 2 Nanoparticle Libraries for Toxicological Investigations
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1209-YY04-01
Radiolabelling of TiO2 Nanoparticle Libraries for Toxicological Investigations 1
Anthony W. Musumeci, 2Lawrence R. Gahan, 3Tijana Rajh, 1Darren, J. Martin, 4Suzanne V. Smith.
1
ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 2 School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 3 Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Labs, Chicago, IL, USA. 4 ARC Centre of Excellence for Antimatter-Matter Studies, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia.
ABSTRACT To further our understanding of nanoparticle interactions with biological systems, it is important that highly sensitive, reliable and robust methods for labelling particles are established. We report here the application of a series of bi-functional cage ligands to radiolabel a range (i.e. shapes and sizes) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles. The cages were covalently attached to the surface of the particles via the use of a dopac derivative and then radiolabelled with a gamma emitting radioisotope. The final radiolabelled nanoparticles proved to be stable in solution and the method easy and robust. The application of a gamma emitter allows the radiolabelled particles to be tracked in vivo and in the environment. INTRODUCTION Metal oxides, such as titanium dioxide are an important class of nanoparticle used extensively in consumer, industrial and medical applications. Titania particles can be engineered into a range of sizes and therefore have quite varied properties. These changes in properties have enabled titania nanoparticles to be used in a range of products such as photocatalysis, cancer therapy, cosmetics and sunscreens. Nanoparticle interactions with biological processes is believed to be dependent on the surface chemistry of a nanoparticle, as well as their size, shape, and chemical composition. Our ability to predict the relationship between physical and chemical parameters and biological systems has proven to be a very complicated and challenging assignment to-date. A primary reason for this is due to a lack of robust and highly sensitive labelling methodologies. Radioisotopic labelling offers unparalleled detection sensitivity without varying the native physical and biological characteristics of the nanoparticles. We have previously demonstrated enediol molecules (i.e. 3,4-dihydroxypheneythylamine (dopamine) and 3-4 dihydroxyphenol acetic acid (dopac)) can be readily attached to the metal oxide TiO2 nanoparticle surface [1]. This paper expands that work to explore the use of dopac and bi-functional cage ligands {see Figure 1} to radiolabel TiO2 nanoparticles. These cages are known to form thermodynamically and kinetically stable complexes with radioisotopes such as 64 Cu2+ and 57Co2+ at sub-micro-molar concentrations within minutes are room temperature [2]. Therefore these cages show potential for the rapid and highly
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