Radiomics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- PDF / 186,186 Bytes
- 4 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 81 Downloads / 239 Views
REVIEW ARTICLE
Radiomics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Aysegul Sagir Kahraman 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background Radiomics is an emerging field that extracts high-throughput imaging data from different types of images to build models and predict clinical outcomes ina non-invasive manner. This field currently is in the initial growth phase and lacks standardized evaluation criteria but remains a very promising tool for the future todevelop suitable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response assessments. The analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma by radiomics will contribute toearly diagnosis and treatment of tumors and improve survival and cure rates. Aim Herein, we aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of the principles of radiomics specifically regarding hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and discuss the current challenges and future advancements of radiomics for HCC. Keywords Hepatocellular carcinoma . Radiomics . Radiogenomics
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of mortality from malignancy worldwide [1]. It is known to be poorly symptomatic at the initial stages of hepatocarcinogenesis and often turns out to be symptomatic only at an advanced stage when life-extending managements are no longer possible. Consequently, the prognosis of HCC is still unsatisfactory [2]. Different imaging modalities, including ultrasound, CT, MRI, and PET-CT are used to diagnose the HCC. An earlier detection denotes a better prognosis, and survival rates are superior for tumors less than 2 cm, while survival rates anticipated under 10% for larger tumors [3]. In addition to the size and the number of the tumors, there are several histo-pathological traits including histological grade, microscopic vascular invasion, micro-vessel density, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition that are important prognostic factors in the management strategy of HCC [4–6]. It is anticipated that malignant lesions do not consist of a homogeneous structure, but rather are be made of various clonal subpopulation of tumor cells, exhibiting considerable intra* Aysegul Sagir Kahraman [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Radiology, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University School of Medicine, 244280 Malatya, Turkey
2
Liver Transplantation Institute, Inonu University, 244280 Malatya, Turkey
tumoral and inter-tumoral variability. HCC has also extremely variable biologic features, depending not only on the tumor type but also on the underlying liver disease. The variable biologic features of HCC, including tumoral heterogeneity, are being decisive in the patient’s prognosis. Current staging systems for HCC do not take into account the abovementioned histologic, nor the molecular characteristics of the tumor beyond the size, the number of lesions, and the presence of macrovascular invasion, which have also been shown to have major roles in patient prognosis and survival [7–9]. Those histologic and molecular charac
Data Loading...
