Raisin
Raisins are grapes which are in the dried form of different varieties of Vitis vinifera which are consumed all over the world. Raisins are rich in dietary fiber that has prebiotic effect. Raisins are an important source of many bioactive compounds such as
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R. Thiruchelvi, P. Jayashree, Gulzar Ahmad Nayik, Amir Gull, Tehmeena Ahad, Mamta Thakur, Tajamul Rouf Shah, Mohd Amir Paray, and Raees ul Haq
Abstract
Raisins are grapes which are in the dried form of different varieties of Vitis vinifera which are consumed all over the world. Raisins are rich in dietary fiber that has prebiotic effect. Raisins are an important source of many bioactive compounds such as phenolic compound and flavonoids polyphenols act as secondary metabolites in the biological activities of raisin. Phenolic acids, such as caffeic acid and coumaric acid, and the flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol have been identified in good concentration in raisins. The raisins work synergistically with fiber to maintain a healthy digestive system. Raisins are one of the best dry fruits for maintaining a good eye health benefit by protecting the cells from free radical damage. Oxidative damage and free radicals are risk factors for cancer, tumor growth, and aging raisin contain the good
R. Thiruchelvi (*) · P. Jayashree Department of Bio-Engineering, School of Engineering, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India e-mail: [email protected] G. A. Nayik Department of Food Science and Technology, Government Degree College, Shopian, Jammu and Kashmir, India A. Gull · T. Ahad Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India M. Thakur · T. R. Shah · R. u. Haq Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab, India M. A. Paray Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India # Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 G. A. Nayik, A. Gull (eds.), Antioxidants in Vegetables and Nuts - Properties and Health Benefits, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7470-2_27
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amount of antioxidants which defend the cell against free such radical devastation. Keywords
Raisin · antioxidant · polyphenols · dietary fiber · health benefits
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Introduction
Botanical name: Vitis vinifera. Common name: Dry grapes. Historically, raisins were accidentally discovered by humans in the early 2000 BC. Raisin is a word that came from the Latina raceme which means a cluster of grapes or berries (California raisins 2020). The sweet grapes that are dried in the sun and that shrivel up are called raisin. Until medieval times, raisins were the most-loved sweet after honey. Historians say that the ancient Armenians and Phoenicians had taken an initial step into impeccable viticulture, the process of grape growing (Winkler 1965). Since 900 BC The Phoenician started their colonial vineyard in Valencia and Malaga (Spain), and in Greece. Meanwhile, at the same time, the Armenians founded their vineyards in Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. Those places had spotless climate for making raisins and made a foremost market for the raisins. Historians believe that Currants
