Rapid Determination of Tetracyclines Hydrochloride Using ATR FT-MIR Spectroscopy
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Rapid Determination of Tetracyclines Hydrochloride Using ATR FT-MIR Spectroscopy Jianyuan Qin 1 & Lijuan Xie 1 & Yibin Ying 1
Received: 20 January 2016 / Accepted: 29 February 2016 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract Antibiotic residues in animal-derived foods have brought serious threats to human health as well as economic losses to the food industry. Given that analytical methods are crucial but remain limited, a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective method is needed for detecting antibiotic residues. In this paper, a method using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform mid-infrared (ATR FT-MIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was established for the detection of tetracyclines hydrochloride (TCsH). Firstly, TCsH powders were scanned using ATR FT-MIR spectroscopy, and the characteristic peaks of these samples were found in this region. Then, milk samples with different TCsH concentrations (1 to 160 ppb) were measured and were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) algorithms. The results showed that the kinds of TCsH in milk could not be classified. However, TCsH concentration ranging from 1 to 160 ppb in milk samples was successfully determined with high determination coefficient (R2) values of 0.88–0.90, low root-mean-square errors values of 9.76–18.2, and high residual predictive deviation (RPD) values close to or greater than 3. These results indicated that ATR FT-MIR spectroscopy could be used to identify TCsH powders based on their unique spectral features, and was suitable for the rapid detection of TCsH concentration in milk. Keywords Tetracyclines hydrochloride . Attenuated total reflectance . Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy . Chemometrics * Yibin Ying [email protected]
1
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
Introduction The mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, with wave number ranging from 400 to 4000 cm−1, expresses fundamental modes of molecular vibrations (Stuart and Ando 1997) and thus provides direct information concerning the specific constituents, the molecular structure, as well as the concentration of a certain component in the sample (Etzion et al. 2004; Paré and Bélanger 1997). With the advent of Fourier transform instrumentation, the speed and accuracy of MIR technology was increased and Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy has become an attractive alternative for traditional analytical methods. The advantages of FT-MIR spectroscopy, including simple sample pretreatment, high-speed analysis, and non-destruction, result in time and cost savings (Rodriguez-Saona and Allendorf 2011). The use of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) (Ferrão and Davanzo 2005; PerkinElmer 2004) with FT-MIR spectroscopy, called as ATR FT-MIR spectroscopy, allows the spectral collection from various samples, especially from the liquids, and thus expands the application scope of FT-MIR spectroscopy. Many studies have documented
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