Reaction Behaviors of Al-Killed Medium-Manganese Steel with Glazed MgO Refractory
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INTRODUCTION
DUE to its favorable thermostability and slag resistance,[1] MgO-based refractory is widely applied in the lining of ladle and tundish. In fact, some chemical reactions would inevitably occur between MgO-based refractory and slag/steel during steelmaking process, and these reactions may influence the cleanliness of steel and even the steelmaking production process. Thus, many researchers[1–10] paid their attention to the reaction behaviors of MgO refractory with liquid steel and molten slag. Some of them[2,5,6,8,11] pointed out that the reaction of MgO refractory with dissolved Al in Al-killed steel is one of the major sources of MgOÆAl2O3 spinel inclusions. Regarding the interaction of MgO-C refractory with slag, some investigators[10,12–14] found that the decarbonization of MgO-C bricks and the dissolution of MgO into slag are the major reasons that lead to the corrosion of the refractory. Furthermore, the solubility of MgO into slag was also investigated by some researchers,[15–18] and the effect of slag basicity was discussed in their studies.
LINGZHONG KONG, LIU CHENG, and MIAOYONG ZHU are with the School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. ZHIYIN DENG is with the School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University and also with the Shandong Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. Laiwu Branch, Laiwu 271104, Shandong Province, China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted May 25, 2018.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
During casting, the decline of the liquid level along with top slag in a ladle would result in the formation of ladle glaze. As a result, in a used ladle, the liquid steel would contact with glazed refractory directly. Therefore, the effect of ladle glaze on the cleanliness of liquid steel has been focused on by some researchers. Du Sichen et al.[19–22] carried out some industrial experiments, and found that ladle glaze is one of the major suppliers of nonmetallic inclusions. The conclusion in fact has been confirmed by some laboratory-scale experiments.[11,23,24] Besides, the current authors[11,24] also believed that ladle glaze could not only be a source of inclusions but also could impact the evolution of inclusions in liquid steel. Meanwhile, the results of the fluid flow-thermodynamic model built by Hassall et al.[25] showed that ladle glaze would provide oxygen into liquid steel as well. Recently, due to their excellent mechanical properties,[26–28] medium- and high-Mn steel grades become a focus in the industries of automobile, offshore structure, gas tank and military, etc. Even though, the fact is that most of the researches on the steel grades are mainly in the area of materials properties,[26,27,29–32] while the study on steelmaking process of these steel grades was seldom reported. As is well known, the interactions among steel–slag-refractories are considerably important for the steel cleanliness, but the related reports were mainly based on other steel grades. In the case of medium- and high-Mn steel grades, the interaction behaviors among s
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