Reading the Body in the Eighteenth-Century Novel
McMaster's lively study looks at the various codes by which Eighteenth-century novelists made the minds of their characters legible through their bodies. She tellingly explores the discourses of medicine, physiognomy, gesture and facial expression, comple
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Juliet McMaster
Reading the Body in the Eighteenth-Century Novel
Previous publications by the same author: The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen (co-editor) Jane Austen the Novelist Jane Austen’s Business (co-editor) Jane Austen’s The Beautiful Cassandra (editor/illustrator) Dickens the Designer The Novel From Sterne to James (co-author) Trollope’s Palliser Novels Jane Austen on Love Jane Austen’s Achievement (editor) Thackeray: The Major Novels
Reading the Body in the Eighteenth-Century Novel Juliet McMaster
© Juliet McMaster 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 978-1-4039-3314-0 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2004 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-51646-9 DOI 10.1057/9780230512023
ISBN 978-0-230-51202-3 (eBook)
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McMaster, Juliet. Reading the body in the eighteenth-century novel / by Juliet McMaster. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. 1. English fiction—18th century—History and criticism. 2. Body, Human, in literature. I. Title. PR858.B63M37 2004 823′.5093561—dc22 2003066658 10 9 13 12
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For Rawdon and Lindsey, with love and pride
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Contents viii
List of Illustrations
x
Preface
xvii
Acknowledgements
xviii
List of Abbreviations 1
The Body Inside the Skin: the Medical Model
1
2
The Body Illegible: Tristram Shandy
25
3
Physiognomy: The Index of the Mind
42
4
Facial Expression: The Mind’s Construction in the Face
69
5
Reading and Re-Encoding the Body: Clarissa
102
6
Gesture: Suiting the Action to the Word
121
7
Body Language Censored: Camilla
148
8
Epilogue: And On To J
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