Real-Time Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography A Step-
Three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a powerful visual tool which the novice or experienced echocardiographer, cardiologist, or cardiac surgeon can use to achieve a better understanding and assessment of normal and pathol
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Annette Vegas • Massimiliano Meineri Angela Jerath
Real-Time Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography A Step-by-Step Guide
Annette Vegas, MD, FRCPC, FASE Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Director of Perioperative TEE Massimiliano Meineri, MD Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Angela Jerath, FRCPC, FANZCA, BSc, MBBS Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesia Toronto General Hospital University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4 Canada
ISBN 978-1-4614-0664-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4614-0665-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-0665-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011933838 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Dedications Annette Vegas To my mentors, Dr DCH Cheng, Dr Andre Denault, Dr Harry Rakowski, and Dr Susan Lenkei, for their unwavering support and believing in my dreams
Massimilliano Meineri To Rosa Maria for her continuous unconditioned support and constant inspiration
Angela Jerath To the pure continuum and Words of Zohra and Santosh
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Preface Three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a potent visual medium which can be used by the novice or experienced echocardiographer, cardiologist, and cardiac surgeon. It can achieve a better understanding and assessment of normal and pathological cardiac function and anatomy. This new technology complements traditional 2D imaging and permits visualization of any cardiac structure of interest from multiple perspectives. 3D technology challenges the echocardiographer to acquire a different skill set for image acquisition and manipulation. This handbook is created in response to a need for a succinct illustrative synopsis on 3D technology and image acquisition. We have aimed to provide a simple step-by-step guide to the practical fundamentals of this technology, altered knobology, and how to acquire and manipul
