Rectal cancer level significantly affects rates and patterns of distant metastases among rectal cancer patients post cur
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RESEARCH
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
Open Access
Rectal cancer level significantly affects rates and patterns of distant metastases among rectal cancer patients post curative-intent surgery without neoadjuvant therapy Jy Ming Chiang1,2*, Pao Shiu Hsieh1, Jinn Shiun Chen1, Reiping Tang1, Jeng Fu You1 and Chien Yuh Yeh1
Abstract Background: Rectal cancer patients have a higher incidence of pulmonary metastases than those with colon cancer. This study aimed to examine the effects of rectal cancer level on recurrence patterns in rectal cancer patients. Methods: Patients with T3/T4 rectal cancers who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2006 were recruited in this study. All the patients were followed up on until death. Recurrence patterns and survival rates were calculated in relation to clinical variables. Results: There were 884 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients with low-rectal cancer had significantly worse five-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates (47.25% and 44.07%, respectively) than patients with mid-rectal (63.46% and 60.22%, respectively) and upper-rectal cancers (73.91% and 71.87%, respectively). The level of the tumor (P
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