Reference-Dependent Preferences A Theoretical and Experimental Inves

Most of our daily decisions are made under uncertainty and risk, without complete information about all relevant aspects. We all constantly make such decisions, from the simplest “should I take my raincoat today?” to more serious examples, such as those o

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Evelyn Stommel

Reference-Dependent Preferences A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Individual Reference-Point Formation

Evelyn Stommel Essen, Germany

Zugl. Dissertation Wissenschaftliche Hochschule für Unternehmensführung (WHU) – Otto Beisheim School of Management, Germany, 2012

ISBN 978-3-658-00634-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-658-00635-8

ISBN 978-3-658-00635-8 (eBook)

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Control Number: 2012952263 Springer Gabler © Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Gabler is a brand of Springer DE. Springer DE is part of Springer Science+Business Media. www.springer-gabler.de

Foreword „I hate to lose more than I like to win“. Are these words spoken by the famous tennis player Jimmy Connors not true for quite a few of us? This feeling is what theory describes as loss aversion, the tendency to overvalue losses relative to comparable gains – and a determinate violation of rational thinking. Prospect Theory was motivated by these failures of rational models to describe actual decision making in everyday life. Daniel Kahneman, one of the founders of Prospect Theory along with the late Amos Tversky,